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Unraveling a Neanderthal palimpsest from a zooarcheological and taphonomic perspective

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Abstract

Practically all archeological assemblages are palimpsests. In spite of the high temporal resolution of Abric Romaní site, level O, dated to around 55 ka, is not an exception. This paper focuses on a zooarcheological and taphonomic analysis of this level, paying special attention to spatial and temporal approaches. The main goal is to unravel the palimpsest at the finest possible level by using different methods and techniques, such as archeostratigraphy, anatomical and taxonomical identification, taphonomic analysis, faunal refits and tooth wear analysis. The results obtained are compared to ethnoarcheological data so as to interpret site structure. In addition, activities carried out over different time spans (from individual episodes to long-term behaviors) are detected, and their spatial extent is explored, allowing to do inferences on settlement dynamics. This leads us to discuss the temporal and spatial scales over which Neanderthals carried out different activities within the site, and how they can be studied through the archeological record.

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Acknowledgments

This research received support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competividad (MINECO) research grants HAR 2010-19957, CGL2012-38434-C03-03, and CGL2012-38358, and the Generalitat de Catalunya Grant 2009 SGR 188. M.J. Gabucio was beneficiary of an FI Grant from the Generalitat de Catalunya and financed by the European Social Fund from February 2010 to January 2013. A. Excavations at the Abric Romaní site are carried out with the support of the Departament de Cultura de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Ajuntament de Capellades, Oficina Patrimoni Cultural-Diputació de Barcelona, Tallers Gràfics Romanyà-Valls, Bercontrés—Centre de Gestió Medioambiental SL, and Constructora Calaf SAU. Special thanks to the Abric Romaní field team.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IPHES, Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social, C/ Marcel·lí i Domingo s/n Edifici W3, 43007, Tarragona, Spain

    Maria Joana Gabucio, Isabel Cáceres, Florent Rivals, Amèlia Bargalló, Jordi Rosell, Palmira Saladié, Josep Vallverdú, Manuel Vaquero & Eudald Carbonell

  2. Àrea de Prehistòria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Avinguda de Catalunya 35, 43002, Tarragona, Spain

    Maria Joana Gabucio, Isabel Cáceres, Florent Rivals, Amèlia Bargalló, Jordi Rosell, Palmira Saladié, Josep Vallverdú, Manuel Vaquero & Eudald Carbonell

  3. ICREA, Barcelona, Spain

    Florent Rivals

  4. GQP-CG, Grupo Quaternário e Pré-História do Centro de Geociências (ulandD 73 - FCT), Coimbra, Portugal

    Palmira Saladié

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  1. Maria Joana Gabucio
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Correspondence to Maria Joana Gabucio.

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Supplementary information related to non-anthropogenic taphonomic alterations and processes. The first section provides the results, while the second one focuses on its interpretation. Both sections are subdivided by archeolevels (Oa and Ob). (PDF 522 kb)

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Gabucio, M.J., Cáceres, I., Rivals, F. et al. Unraveling a Neanderthal palimpsest from a zooarcheological and taphonomic perspective. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 10, 197–222 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-016-0343-y

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