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High potential of esterified glycine max husks in the abstraction of petroleum from water surfaces

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Abstract

Crude oil sorption by raw and esterified glycine max husks (RGMH and EGMH, respectively) which are cheaper and eco-friendly sorbents were applied for treatment of oil spilled water surfaces. The sorption of the petroleum was by batch method and the experiment performed at optimum conditions of sorbent dose (0.1 g), pH (3), oil concentration (8 g/L), temperature (303 K), and time (90 min). Equilibrium isotherm data were assessed by Langmuir, Temkin, Freundlich, and Scatchard models. The Langmuir suited best the experimental data based on their regression (R2), sum of squares of the errors (SSE), and chi square (χ2) values, and maximum monolayer sorption capacity of 3.47 g/g for RGMH and 4.65 g/g for EGMH were obtained. Kinetics was discussed by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, liquid film diffusion, and intraparticle diffusion models, and showed that the removal would be best expressed using pseudo-second-order model at equilibrium sorption time of 70 min for RGMH and 60 min for EGMH. Thermodynamic quantities showed a sorption process that is endothermic, physicochemical, non-spontaneous for RGMH, and spontaneous for EGMH as well as increase in randomness of the crude oil-sorbent interface. Sorption (%) of total petroleum hydrocarbons from real oil spilled water for RGMH and EGMH (37–49) were lower than RGMH and EGMH (44–56), obtained from simulated oil spilled water. Regeneration of the sorbents was established using n-hexane as suitable stripping agent and subsequently the reusability. Furthermore, the sorbents were employed to remove oil not only from simulated but also real polluted waters. Therefore both RGMH and EGMH have shown great potential as sorbents for treatment of oil spilled water surfaces.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the staff of Materials and Energy Technology Department, Projects Development Institute (PRODA), Enugu and Chemical Engineering Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, for the use of their equipment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria

    Ikeokwu Chris Ogbu, Cynthia Nkolika Ibeto & Chukwuma Obiajulu B. Okoye

  2. Materials and Energy Technology Department, Projects Development Institute (PRODA), Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria

    Ikeokwu Chris Ogbu

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  1. Ikeokwu Chris Ogbu
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  2. Cynthia Nkolika Ibeto
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  3. Chukwuma Obiajulu B. Okoye
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Ikeokwu Chris Ogbu, Cynthia Nkolika Ibeto, and Chukwuma Obiajulu B. Okoye. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Ikeokwu Chris Ogbu, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ikeokwu Chris Ogbu.

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Responsible Editor: Amjad Kallel

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Ogbu, I.C., Ibeto, C.N. & Okoye, C.O.B. High potential of esterified glycine max husks in the abstraction of petroleum from water surfaces. Arab J Geosci 16, 443 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-023-11553-4

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