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Thermal maturity evolution and hydrocarbon generation in the Dibeilla oil field, Termit Basin, Eastern Niger: an organic geochemical and basin modeling approach

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Abstract

The Termit Basin is a Cretaceous–Tertiary multi-rift graben, one of the eastern Niger basins. Belonging to this basin, the Dibeilla oil field is one of the most petroliferous oil fields in the Agadem Block. It contains multiple source rocks, but the origin of the hydrocarbons is not fully understood. The source rocks and crude oil samples from seven wells were examined using analytical techniques such as Rock–Eval pyrolysis, GC/GC–MS, vitrinite reflectance measurements, and basin modeling. Results indicate that the Upper Cretaceous (Donga and Yogou formations) and the Eocene Sokor-1 Formation have oil and gas generation potential with II/III and III type kerogens. The former were deposited in a clay-rich anoxic-suboxic marine environment with a mixture of aquatic and predominantly terrestrial organic matter and are thermally mature raching peak of oil-generation. The latter is mainly rich in terrestrial organic material deposited in a more oxic lacustrine to deltaic environment and reaches the early oil-generation stage. The Oligocene Sokor-2 Formation is oil-prone with Type I kerogens that are at an immature to marginally mature stage. The two peak values of paleo-heat (60 mW/m2) are the response of the Cretaceous syn-rifting period with two phases and the Paleogene phase of the rifting cycle, which exerted a significant influence on the source rocks’ thermal maturity. The oil-source correlation reveals that oil production and preservation in the basin must extend to the deeper Campanian reservoirs. This is an important discovery that will help increasing the present-day oil production from the Eocene reservoirs of the Niger Termit Basin.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Director General of the “Direction Générale des Hydrocarbures” and CNPC Niger Petroleum S.A., who granted permission to provide crude oil and source rock samples. They express their gratitude to the director of the “Direction de la Recherche Scientifique’’ and experts in the Niger’s ‘‘Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche’’ who approved this research project. We thank the “Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources, China university of Geosciences (Wuhan), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China’’ for the technical analyses. We appreciate the financial support provided by the UNESCO/People’s Republic of China (The Great Wall) Co-Sponsored Fellowships. Finally, the authors thank an anonymous reviewer whose constructive comments greatly improved the manuscript.

Funding

This research was funded by the UNESCO/People’s Republic of China (The Great Wall) Co-Sponsored Fellowships programme 2017–2018, grant number ER/MSP/PPF/BQ/17.057.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculté Des Sciences Et Techniques, Département de Géologie, Université Abdou Moumouni, B.P. 10662, Niamey, Niger

    Hamma Ada Moussa, Abdou Dodo Bohari & Moussa Harouna

  2. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China

    Kabir Shola Ahmed

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  1. Hamma Ada Moussa
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Contributions

Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing-Original draft preparation, Investigation HAMMA Ada Moussa; Visualization, Writing-review & editing Abdou Dodo BOHARI and Kabir Shola Ahmed: Supervision, Validation Moussa HAROUNA. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hamma Ada Moussa.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The sponsors had no influence on the research topic, data collection, analyses and the conclusions of this study.

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Moussa, H.A., Bohari, A.D., Ahmed, K.S. et al. Thermal maturity evolution and hydrocarbon generation in the Dibeilla oil field, Termit Basin, Eastern Niger: an organic geochemical and basin modeling approach. Arab J Geosci 16, 338 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-023-11383-4

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