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Geochemical and fluid inclusion studies of pegmatites from Oke-Ogun and Ibadan-Osogbo fields, southwestern Nigeria

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Abstract

Pegmatites from southwestern Nigeria have mostly been characterized using mineralization with few reported studies using the fluid inclusion approach for pegmatite genesis. This study was carried out to determine the origin, type, and characteristics of fluid inclusions in pegmatites from the Oke-Ogun and Ibadan-Osogbo pegmatite fields of southwestern Nigeria. Pegmatite samples were systematically collected at selected areas, 16 whole rock pegmatite samples and 32 mineral extracts were analyzed for their elemental concentration using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and pegmatitic quartz was used for microthermometric studies. Results (in ppm) revealed Be, Zn, Nb, Sn, Cs, W, and Ta ranged as 1.00–384.00, 30.00–3800.00, 0.60–330.00, 1.00–319.00, 0.70–475.00, 17.20–933.00, and 0.32–107.00, respectively. Plots of Ta vs K/Cs, K/Rb vs Rb, K/Rb vs Ba, Ta vs K/Cs, Rb vs Ba, and Ta vs Cs + Rb showed that the pegmatites were unmineralized to mineralized muscovite class pegmatites. Inclusions are aqueous, primary to pseudo-primary classified as type I, two-phase liquid–vapor (L + V; L > V), ~ 2–100 µm; type II, liquid + vapor + solid (L ± V + S), ~ 2–15 µm; and type III, monophase (liquid) at room temperature. The inclusions occurred as trails, clusters, and isolated inclusions. Type I inclusion had salinities of 0.7–21.9 wt.% NaCl eq. and all inclusions homogenized into the liquid phase at total homogenization (Th) of 80.1–335.1 °C. Fluid modeling revealed type II inclusion (Th 350 °C) was the earliest fluid trapped (at 250 °C), type I inclusion was trapped at 160–250 °C, and type III inclusions were trapped at temperatures below 50 °C. Type II inclusions were associated with late magmatic-hydrothermal fluids, while type I inclusions indicate dilution and interaction of the ore-forming fluid with meteoric water. The pegmatites are characterized by aqueous LV inclusions indicative of magmatic to meteoric origin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

    Oyedele Matthew Oyedokun & Akindeji Olugbenga Okunlola

  2. Department of Earth Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria

    Gbenga Olusegun Olisa

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  1. Oyedele Matthew Oyedokun
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  2. Akindeji Olugbenga Okunlola
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  3. Gbenga Olusegun Olisa
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Correspondence to Oyedele Matthew Oyedokun.

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Oyedokun, O.M., Okunlola, A.O. & Olisa, G.O. Geochemical and fluid inclusion studies of pegmatites from Oke-Ogun and Ibadan-Osogbo fields, southwestern Nigeria. Arab J Geosci 15, 1660 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10866-0

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