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Estimating earthquake peak ground acceleration and intensity using short-time Fourier and wavelet transform techniques: a case study at Odisha, India

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Abstract

Seismic hazard assessment is indispensable to improve and update the earthquake peak ground acceleration (PGA) and intensity map. Although a lot of work has been done on earthquake hazard assessment using various mathematical functions and spatial technologies, however, limited studies could be seen on estimating PGA and intensity variation using the powerful wavelets tool. This paper analyzed the location-frequency characteristics of PGA, intensity, and their magnitude values based on short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) techniques. The models were implemented in the Indian state of Odisha. Earthquake ground motion is a random process that depends on lithology, amplification factors, structural features, and complicated tectonics of a given location. Four STFTs, namely Rectangle, Welch, Hanning, and Hamming and four CWT techniques such as Morlet, Paul (k=2), derivative of Gaussian DOG (k=2), and DOG (k=6) were implemented to study earthquake PGA in horizontal directions and their motion intensities. This study would help to locate the long-period ground motion in all the event locations. This research could help in identifying the areas, where the power of long-period ground motions could trigger structural damage. This study concludes that Hanning and Hamming’s windows are superior to others in STFT, and DOG (k=6) is better than others in CWT analysis. Detailed seismic wave analysis and long-period ground motions study are required to minimize the structural damage during destructive earthquakes. Hence, wavelet techniques could be useful to specify the seismically active locations and local structural features.

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Funding

This research is funded by the Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial Information Systems (CAMGIS), Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney. This research was also supported by Researchers Supporting Project number RSP-2021/14, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Advanced Modeling and Geospatial Information Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engieering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia

    Ratiranjan Jena

  2. GIS & Remote Sensing Center, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates

    Ratiranjan Jena, Abdallah Shanableh & Rami Al-Ruzouq

  3. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates

    Ratiranjan Jena, Abdallah Shanableh & Rami Al-Ruzouq

  4. Department of Geology and Geophysics, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah Al-Amri

  5. Earth Observation Center, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Khairul Nizam Abdul Malulud

Authors
  1. Ratiranjan Jena
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  2. Abdullah Al-Amri
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  3. Khairul Nizam Abdul Malulud
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  4. Abdallah Shanableh
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  5. Rami Al-Ruzouq
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Contributions

Conceptualization, R.J.; Methodology, R.J.; Software, R.J.; Validation, R.J.; Formal analysis, R.J.; Investigation, R.J.; Resources, R.J.; Data curation, R.J.; Writing–original draft preparation, R.J.; Writing–review and editing, A.A.A, K.N.A.M., A.S., and R.A.R.; Visualization, R.J., A.A.A., K.N.A.M., and R.A.R.; Supervision, A.A.A; Project administration, A.A.A. and A.S.; Funding acquisition, A.A.A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ratiranjan Jena.

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Responsible Editor: Biswajeet Pradhan

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Jena, R., Al-Amri, A., Malulud, K.N.A. et al. Estimating earthquake peak ground acceleration and intensity using short-time Fourier and wavelet transform techniques: a case study at Odisha, India. Arab J Geosci 15, 1064 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10326-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10326-9

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