Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Tetraconodon and Sivachoerus (Suidae) from Dhok Pathan and Hasnot area of Potwar Plateau, northern Pakistan

  • 3rd CAJG 2020
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Siwalik Group or Siwaliks is famous as a stratigraphic unit containing numerous fossiliferous pockets for vertebrate faunas of Neogene ages. The Middle Siwalik Subgroup (Late Miocene–early Pliocene of Neogene) comprises Nagri and Dhok Pathan formations. Tetraconodon magnus and Sivachoerus prior remains are extremely rare in the Siwaliks, and these tetraconodonts are ascribed in this article from Middle Siwalik deposits of the Late Miocene age. Tetraconodon is considered to have occurred in the Nagri Formation of the Siwalik Group. However, the specimens described here, recovered from the Dhok Pathan Formation (8.2 Ma), are important in relieving the long-held notion of the previous researchers that these are found only from the Nagri Formation (11.5–9 Ma). Similarly, Sivachoerus prior appeared earlier (~ 6.6 Ma) than it was thought previously (5–3 Ma). So, the present studies extended the geological ranges of these Siwalik tetraconodonts.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Barry JC, Flynn LJ (1990) Key biostratigraphic events in the Siwalik sequence. In: Lindsay EH (ed) European Neogene mammal chronology. Springer, Boston, MA, pp 557–571

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Barry JC, Lindsay EH, Jacobs LL (1982) A biostratigraphic zonation of the Middle and Upper Siwaliks of the Potwar Plateau of northern Pakistan. Palaeog Palaeocl Palaeoec 37:95–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barry JC, Behrensmeyer AK, Badglay CE, Flynn LJ, Peltonen H, Cheema IU, Pilbeam D, Lindsay EH, Raza SM, Rajpar AR, Morgan ME (2013) The Neogene Siwaliks of the Potwar Plateau, Pakistan. In: Wang X, Flynn LJ, Fortelius M (eds) Fossil mammals of Asia: Neogene biostratigraphy and chronology. Coloumbia University Press, New York, USA, pp 373–399

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Barry JC, Morgan ME, Flynn LJ, Pilbeam D, Behrensmeyer AK, Raza SI, Badgley C, Hicks J, Klley J (2002) Faunal and environmental change in the Late Miocene Siwaliks of Northern Pakistan. Palaeobiology 28:1–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colbert EH (1935) Siwalik mammals in the American Museum of Natural History. Trans Am Philos Soc 26:1–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cotter GP (1933) The geology of the part of the Attock district, West of Longitude 72 45. Mem Geol Surv India 55:63–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Falconer H (1868) Paleontological memoir notes, London 1:1–590, 2:1–675

  • Htike T, Thein ZMM, Htay HH (2008) New materials of Tetraconodon malensis (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Suidae) from the Middle Miocene of Central Myanmar. Univ Res J 1(2):65–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan MA, Batool A, Nayyer AQ, Akhtar M (2013) Gazella lydekkeri (Cetartiodactyla: Ruminantia: Bovidae) from the Middle Siwaliks of Hasnot (Late Miocene), northern Pakistan. P J Zool 4(45):981–988

    Google Scholar 

  • Leonardi P (1952) Resti fossili di Sivachoerus del giacimento di Sahabi in Cirenaica (Africa settentrionale). Atti Acc Naz Lincei Rend 8(1952):166–169

    Google Scholar 

  • Lydekker R (1876) Molar teeth and other remains of Mammalia from the India Tertiaries ((Indian Tertiary and Post-Tertiary Vertebrata)) Mem Geol Surv India Pal Indica 10(2):19–87

  • Van Der Made J (1996) Listriodontinae (Suidae, Mammalia), their evolution, systematics and distribution in time and space. Contrib Tert Q Geol 33(1–4):3–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Der Made J (1999) Biometrical trends in the Tetraconodontinae, a subfamily of pigs. Trans R Soc Edinb Earth Sci 89:199–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pickford M (1988) Revision of the Miocene Suidae of the Indian Subcontinent. Münchner Geowiss Abh 12:1–91

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilbeam D, Barry JC, Meyer GE, Shah SMI, Pickford MHL, Bishop WW, Thomas H, Jacobs LL (1977) Geology and palaeontology of Neogene strata of Pakistan. Nat Lond 270:684–689

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pilgrim GE (1910) Notices of new mammalian genera and species from the Tertiaries of India. Rec Geol Surv India 40:63–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilgrim GE (1913) The correlation of the Siwaliks with mammal horizons of Europe. Rec Geol Surv India 43(4):264–326

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilgrim GE (1926) The fossil Suidae of India. Mem Geol Surv India NS 8(4):1–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilgrim GE (1927) A Sivapithecus palate and other primate fossils from India. Palaeont Indica NS 14:1–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Shah SMI (2009) Stratigraphy of Pakistan. Geol Surv Pak Mem V22:1–381

    Google Scholar 

  • Thaung-Htike T, Tsubamoto M, Takai M, Natori M, Egi N, Maung M, Sein C (2005) A revision of Tetraconodon (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Suidae) from the Miocene of Myanmar and description of a new species. Paleontol Res 9(3):243–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tobien H (1936) Mitteilungen über Wirbeltierreste aus dem Mittelpliocän des Natrontales (Aegypten)-7. Artiodactyla: A. Bunodontia: Suidae. Z Dtsch Geol Ges 88:42–53

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are highly grateful to Dr. Van der Made for his comments on the material and for providing the necessary literature. They are also thankful to hosts and guides in the area of Dhok Pathan and Hasnot.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muhammad Adeeb Babar.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Attila Ciner

This paper was selected from the 3rd Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG), Tunisia 2020.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Babar, M.A., Aftab, K., Khan, M.A. et al. Tetraconodon and Sivachoerus (Suidae) from Dhok Pathan and Hasnot area of Potwar Plateau, northern Pakistan. Arab J Geosci 14, 2473 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08684-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08684-x

Keywords

Navigation