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Mineralogical and geochemical composition of Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in the southern Junggar Basin, China: implications for paleoenvironment, provenance, and tectonic setting

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Abstract

The mineralogy and geochemistry of the Middle Permian Lucaogou shale provide information regarding tectonic setting, depositional environment, sedimentary provenance, and chemical properties. The Lucaogou shale consists predominately of quartz and clay minerals with subsidiary feldspar. The mineralogical composition is enriched in SiO2, P2O5, CaO, and Na2O relative to post-Archean Australian shales (PAAS). The abundant free SiO2 and elevated CaO relative to PAAS have led to depletions of most of trace elements due to dilution effects. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) indicates that sediment-source region has undergone low to moderate chemical weathering. The index of compositional variability (ICV) suggests that the shales have low compositional maturity and are most likely dominated by first-cycle deposits. The dominance of plagioclase over K-feldspar in amounts and extrapolation of the analyzed shales back to the plagioclase-alkali feldspar line in the A-CN-K diagram indicate that the shales could have been derived from plagioclase-rich source rocks. The Al2O3/TiO2 ratio and chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns display a derivation from felsic rocks. Tectonic setting discriminant diagrams and the chondrite-normalized REE patterns infer a continental island arc setting for sediment-source region. The redox-sensitive elemental ratios and paleosalinity indices reflect an anoxic mildly brackish-influenced to brackish-influenced paleoenvironment.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41402141 and 41372166) and was Supported by the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (No. B14031). The authors would like to acknowledge Xinjiang Bureau of Prospecting and Development of Geology and Mineral Resources for assistance in collecting shale samples. We would also like to express great gratitude to two reviewers for their suggestions and comments.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources (China University of Geosciences), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Baoqing Li, Xinguo Zhuang, Xiaofeng Liu & Xiaoping Ma

  2. Xinjiang Bureau of Prospecting and Development of Geology and Mineral Resources, Urumqi, 830000, China

    Chao Wu & Jibin Zhou

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Li, B., Zhuang, X., Liu, X. et al. Mineralogical and geochemical composition of Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in the southern Junggar Basin, China: implications for paleoenvironment, provenance, and tectonic setting. Arab J Geosci 9, 174 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-015-2154-3

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