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Application of Response Surface Methodology to Supercritical CO2 Extraction: Case Study on Coextraction of Carotenoids and Oil from Rosehip Shells and Seeds

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Abstract

Response surface methodology (RSM) is an experimental strategy widely used as a research tool in investigation. We reviewed 89 papers that used RSM to study the extraction of oils or minor lipids, using supercritical (SC) CO2, and observed that most of these studies have not contributed to an understanding of the extraction phenomenon, by neglecting prior knowledge on mass transfer or equilibrium relationships. We used the extraction of carotenoids from rosehip shells and oil from the seeds, as a case study to illustrate an improved strategy to apply RSM to oil-aided SC-CO2 extraction of high-molecular-weight nonpolar solutes, such as carotenoids. We selected the temperature and density to characterize the effect of solvent conditions, the specific CO2 consumption to characterize the interaction of solvent time and solvent power, and the percentage of seeds in the composite substrate to characterize the cosolvent effect of the oil. A rotatable central composite design was applied sequentially in three blocks, where the third block allowed incorporating quadratic coefficients to adequately describe the non-linear behavior of the responses.

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Acknowledgements

Rosehip seeds and shells were kindly provided by Novbeltec S. A. (Julio Thiel). Extraction assays were performed by Sonia Millao from UFro which is greatly appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departmento de Ingeniería Química, Center of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations, Universidad de La Frontera, BIOREN, Temuco, Chile

    Edgar Uquiche

  2. Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia

    Julián Arias

  3. Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile

    José Manuel del Valle

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Contributions

Edgar Uquiche: conceptualization, writing first draft (“Variations on Oil Yield with Process Conditions” and “Variations on Carotenoid Content in the Oil with Process Conditions”, sections and Appendices C and D), experimental work: data gathering and analysis, statistical analysis, making illustrations (Tables 4–6), preparing answers to reviewers. Julián Arias: conceptualization, writing first draft (“RSM and its Application in Food Engineering” and “Application of RSM on the Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Oilseeds” sections and Appendices A, B, and E), critical analysis of literature data, making of illustrations (Tables 1–3 and 7), initial editing, preparing answers to reviewers. José Manuel del Valle: conceptualization, outlining, writing first draft (“Introduction”, “Effect of Process Variables on the Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Oil in Seeds”, “Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Oils and Carotenoids in Rosehip Seeds and Shells”, “Implication of Results”, and “Conclusions” sections), making illustrations (all figures), final editing, communicating with journal officials.

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Correspondence to José Manuel del Valle.

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Uquiche, E., Arias, J. & del Valle, J.M. Application of Response Surface Methodology to Supercritical CO2 Extraction: Case Study on Coextraction of Carotenoids and Oil from Rosehip Shells and Seeds. Food Eng Rev 15, 643–666 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12393-023-09357-z

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