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Immunological, Molecular, and Pathogenic Characterization of Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus Isolates from Six Asian Countries

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Abstract

Five sugarcane leaf samples exhibiting mosaic symptoms and collected in 1999–2003 in Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam tested negative in serological assays (ELISA and TBIA) using antiserum to sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and a potyvirus specific monoclonal antibody. In addition, these samples reacted negative in RT-PCR assays with SCMV, sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), and potyvirus specific primers. Mosaic symptoms were reproduced after mechanical inoculation of sugarcane, maize, and sorghum plants with diseased leaf extracts, but symptoms were less severe than those of SCMV and SrMV. Electron microscopy of partially purified virions from inoculated plants showed flexuous filaments characteristic of the Potyviridae family. The five sugarcane leaf samples tested positive in RT-PCR assays with two primer pairs designed to detect sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV), and in immunological assays with SCSMV antisera. SCSMV was detected by ELISA with three different antisera and by RT-PCR in 34 leaf samples from 30 cultivars exhibiting mosaic symptoms and originating from six Asian countries (the five mentioned above and Pakistan). The sequences of the RT-PCR amplicons (376 nucleotides) showed 98.5–100% identity with SCSMV isolates from GenBank. The immunological, molecular, and pathogenic characteristics of SCSMV were different from those of SCMV and SrMV. Our results suggested that SCSMV was already widespread in Asia more than two decades ago. Furthermore, immunological variation occurs among SCSMV isolates, which needs to be considered for serological diagnosis of the virus. RT-PCR primers developed in this study proved to be very efficient for detection of SCSMV from different countries.

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Data Availability

Sequence data obtained in this study are available in GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) under accession numbers AM502294.1 to AM502325.1.

Code Availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Jean-Pierre Berké (SOMDIAA) and the Société Sucrière du Cameroun (SOSUCAM), Michael P. Grisham and the United States Department of Agriculture-Sugarcane Research Unit (USDA-SRU), A.H.M. Delwar Hossain and the Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute (BSRI), T.V. Sreenivasan, Rasappa Viswanathan and the Sugarcane Breeding Institute-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (SBI-ICAR), the Sugarcane Research Station Kunraghat (SRS Kunraghat), Shahid Afghan, Syed Zia-ul-Hussnain and the Shakarganj Sugar Research Institute (SSRI), H.K. Sunil and the Sugarcane Research Institute Uda Walawe (SRI Uda Walawe), Anusorn Kusalwong and the Department of Agriculture Bangkok (DOA Bangkok), Nguyen Xuan Hue and the Quang Ngai Sugar Corporation (QNSC), for supplying diseased plant samples. We thank M. Hema for supplying SCSMV-AP antiserum, Jacqueline Chaume and Philippe Letourmy for advice in statistics, and Marc Muller for maintaining the virus isolate collection and for technical assistance.

Funding

This research was funded by the project “Quarantaine canne à sucre” of Cirad (Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIRAD, UMR PHIM, 34398, Montpellier, France

    Philippe Rott, Michèle Chatenet, Candy Mazarin, Emmanuel Fernandez, Daniel Gargani, Monique Royer & Jean-Claude Girard

  2. PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France

    Philippe Rott, Michèle Chatenet, Candy Mazarin, Emmanuel Fernandez, Daniel Gargani, Monique Royer & Jean-Claude Girard

  3. Agricultural and Natural Science Institute, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273009, India

    Govind P. Rao

  4. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA

    Ben E. L. Lockhart

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  1. Philippe Rott
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Contributions

PR conceived the study, supervised the research, and wrote the manuscript. MC, CM, and EF conducted the immunological, molecular, and pathogenicity experiments. DG performed the electron microscopy experiments. MR, GPR, BELL, and JCG contributed to experiment suggestions and made comments for manuscript improvement and revision. All authors analyzed and discussed the data, and all authors approved the final manuscript.

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Rott, P., Chatenet, M., Mazarin, C. et al. Immunological, Molecular, and Pathogenic Characterization of Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus Isolates from Six Asian Countries. Sugar Tech 25, 1134–1143 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-023-01269-w

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