Abstract
A bacterial strain, designated EC11T was isolated from brown alga Ecklonia cava collected from Jeju Island, Korea. EC11T was identified as a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and yellowpigmented bacterial strain. The strain EC11T grew over a temperature range of 10°C to 30°C (optimally at 25°C), and a pH range of 6.0–10.5 (optimally at pH 7.5). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain EC11T belongs to the genus Flavobacterium. Strain EC11T shared close similarity with Flavobacterium jumunjinense HME7102T (96.4%), Flavobacterium dongtanense LW30T (95.8%), Flavobacterium haoranii LQY-7T (95.3%), and Flavobacterium urocaniciphilum (95.1%). The major fatty acids (> 5%) were iso-C17:0 3-OH (22.4%), iso-C15:0 3-OH (19.0%), C15:0 (12.4%), summed feature 3 (comprising C16:1 ω7c/ C16:1 ω6c; 9.78%), iso-C15:1 G (9.6%), and iso-C16:0 3-OH (9.0%). The DNA G+C content was 28.1 mol% and the strain contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown aminolipids and three unknown polar lipids. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, strain EC11T represents a novel species of the Flavobacterium genus, for which the name Flavobacterium jejuensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of F. jejuensis is EC11T (=KCTC 42149T = JCM 30735T).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ao, L., Zeng, X.C., Nie, Y., Mu, Y., Zhou, L., and Luo, X. 2014. Flavobacterium arsenatis sp. nov., a novel arsenic-resistant bacterium from high-arsenic sediment. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 64, 3369–3374.
Bergey, D.H., Harrison, F.C., Breed, R.S., Hammer, B.W., and Huntoon, F.M. 1923. Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, USA.
Bernardet, J.F. and Bowman, J.P. 2011. Genus I. Flavobacterium Bergey et al. 1923. In Whitman, W. (ed.), Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, pp. 112–154, 2nd ed., vol. 4, The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, USA.
Bernardet, J.F. and Nakagawa, Y. 2006. An introduction to the family Flavobacteriaceae. pp. 445–480. The Prokaryotes. A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria, 3rd edn. In Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, K.H., and Stackebrandt, E. (eds.) Springer, New York, N.Y., USA.
Bernardet, J.F., Segers, P., Vancanneyt, M., Berthe, F., Kersters, K., and Vandamme, P. 1996. Cutting a Gordian knot: emended classification and description of the genus Flavobacterium, emended description of the family Flavobacteriaceae, and proposal of Flavobacterium hydatis nom. nov. (Basonym, Cytophaga aquatilis Strohl and Tait 1978). Int. J. Syst. Microbiol. 46, 128–148.
Bhumika, V., Srinivas, T.N.R., and Kumar, P.A. 2013. Flavobacterium nitratireducens sp. nov., an amylolytic bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from coastal surface seawater. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63, 2490–2496.
Bowman, J.P. 2000. Description of Cellulophaga algicola sp. nov., isolated from the surfaces of Antarctic algae, and reclassification of Cytophaga uliginosa (ZoBell and Upham 1944. Reichenbach 1989 as Cellulophaga uliginosa comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50, 1861–1868.
Dong, K., Chen, F., Du, Y., and Wang, G. 2013. Flavobacterium enshiense sp. nov., isolated from soil, and emended descriptions of the genus Flavobacterium and Flavobacterium cauense, Flavobacterium saliperosum and Flavobacterium suncheonense. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63, 886–892.
Felsenstein, J. 1981. Evolutionary trees from DNA sequences: a maximum likelihood approach. J. Mol. Evol. 17, 368–376.
Felsenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolutio. 39, 783–791.
Fu, Y., Tang, X., Lai, Q., Zhang, C., Zhong, H., Li, W., Liu, Y., Chen, L., Sun, F., and Shao, Z. 2011. Flavobacterium beibuense sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61, 205–209.
Hall, T.A. 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser. 41, 95–98.
Holmes, B., Owen, R.J., Steigerwalt, A.G., and Brenner, D.J. 1984. Flavobacterium gleum, a new species found in human clinical specimens. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 34, 21–25.
Joung, Y.C., Kim, H.N., and Joh, K.S. 2013. Flavobacterium jumunjinense sp. nov., isolated from, a lagoon, and emended description of Flavobacterium cheniae, Flavobacterium dongtanense, and Flavobacterium gelidilacus. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63, 3937–3943.
Kang, J.Y., Chun, J., and Jahng, K.Y. 2013. Flavobacterium aciduliphilum sp. nov., isolated from freshwater, and emended description of the genus Flavobacterium. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63, 1633–1638.
Kaur, I., Kaur, C., Khan, F., and Mayilraj, S. 2012. Flavobacterium rakeshii sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment, and emended description of Flavobacterium beibuense Fu et al. 2011. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62, 2897–2902.
Kim, O.S., Cho, Y.J., Lee, K., Yoon, S.H., Kim, M., Na, H., Park, S.C., Jeon, Y.S., Lee, J.H., Yi, H., et al. 2012. Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62, 716–721.
Kim, H., Kang, H., Joung, Y., and Joh, K. 2014. Flavobacterium gyeonganense sp. nov., isolated from freshwater, and emended descriptions of Flavobacterium chungangense, Flavobacterium aquidurense, Flavobacterium tructae and Flavobacterium granuli. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 64, 4173–4178.
Kim, Y.J., Kim, S.R., Nguyen, N.L., and Yang, D.C. 2013. Flavobacterium ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63, 4289–4293.
Kluge, A.G. and Farris, F.S. 1969. Quantitative phyletics and the evolution of anurans. Syst. Zool. 18, 1–32.
Komagata, K. and Suzuki, K. 1987. Lipids and cell-wall analysis in bacterial systematics. Methods Microbiol. 19, 161–207.
Kuo, I., Saw, J., Kapan, D.D., Christensen, S., Kaneshiro, K.Y., and Donachie, S.P. 2013. Flavobacterium akiainvivens sp. nov., from decaying wood of Wikstroemia oahuensis, Hawai’i, and emended description of the genus Flavobacterium. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63, 3280–3286.
Marmur, J. 1961. A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from micro-organisms. J. Mol. Biol. 3, 208–218.
Marmur, J. and Doty, P. 1962. Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. J. Mol. Biol. 5, 109–118.
Minnikin, D.E., O’Donnell, A.G., Goodfellow, M., Alderson, G., Athalye, M., Schaal, A., and Parlett, J.H. 1984. An integrated procedure for the extraction of bacterial isoprenoid quinones and polar lipids. J. Microbiol. Method. 2, 233–241.
Miyashita, M., Fujimura, S., Nakagawa, Y., Nishizawa, M., Tomizuka, N., Nakagawa, T., and Nakagawa, J. 2010. Flavobacterium algicola sp. nov., isolated from marine algae. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 60, 344–348.
Nedashkovskaya, O.I., Balabanova, L.A., Zhukova, N.V., Kim, S.J., Bakunina, I.Y., and Rhee, S.K. 2014. Flavobacterium ahnfeltiae sp. nov., a new marine polysaccharide-degrading bacterium isolated from a Pacific red alga. Arch. Microbiol. 196, 745–752.
Ngo, H.T., Kook, M., and Yi, T.H. 2015. Flavobacterium daemonensis sp. nov., isolated from Daemo Mountain soil. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 65, 983–989.
Saitou, N. and Nei, M. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4, 406–425.
Sasser, M. 1990. Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids, MIDI Technical Note 101.: MIDI Inc., Newark, DE,USA.
Song, L., Liu, H., Huang, Y., Dai, X., and Zhou, Y. 2013. Flavobacterium marinum sp. nov., isolated from seawater. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63, 3551–3555.
Subhash, Y., Sasikala, C., and Ramana, C.V. 2013. Flavobacterium aquaticum sp. nov., isolated from a water sample of a rice field. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63, 3463–3469.
Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Peterson, D., Filipski, A., and Kumar, S. 2013. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Mol. Biol. Evol. 30, 2725–2729.
Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Plewniak, F., Jeanmougin, F., and Higgins, D.G. 1997. The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res. 25, 4876–4882.
Weisburg, W.G., Barns, S.M., Pelletier, D.A., and Lane, D.J. 1991. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J. Bacteriol. 173, 697–703.
Weon, H.Y., Song, M.H., Son, J.A., Kim, B.Y., Kwon, S.W., Go, S.J., and Stackebrandt, E. 2007. Flavobacterium terrae sp. nov. and Flavobacterium cucumis sp. nov., isolated from greenhouse soil. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57, 1594–1598.
Wilson, K. 1987. Preparation of genomic DNA from bacteria. In Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, pp. 2.4.1–2.4.5. Green Publishing and Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY,USA.
Xiao, Y.P., Hui, W., Lee, J.S., Lee, K.C., and Quam, Z.X. 2011. Flavobacterium dongtanense sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of a wetland reed. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61, 343–346.
Yoon, J.H., Park, S., Kang, S.J., Oh, S.J., Myung, S.C., and Kim, W. 2011. Flavobacterium ponti sp. nov., isolated from seawater. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61, 81–85.
Zhang, J., Jiang, R.B., Zang, X.X., Hang, B.J., He, J., and Li, S.P. 2010. Flavoabacterium haoranii sp. nov., a cypermethrin-degrading bacterium isolated from a wastewater treatment system. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 60, 2882–2886.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://www.springerlink.com/content/120956.
Electronic supplementary material
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, SH., Kim, JY., Kim, YJ. et al. Flavobacterium jejuensis sp. nov., isolated from marine brown alga Ecklonia cava . J Microbiol. 53, 756–761 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5280-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5280-4