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Morphology Optimization of Leaflet for Surgical Reconstruction of the Aortic Valve: In Vitro Test and Simulation-Based DOE Study

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Abstract

This study was to evaluate the impact of leaflet trimming strategy on the hemodynamic behaviors of the aortic valve after reconstructive surgery, and give recommendations based on design of experiment (DOE) and in vitro studies. An in vitro hemodynamic test was performed on the simulated surgical model to quantify the efficacy of conventional reconstructive surgery. The very same computational model was built and verified, on which the full factorial DOE was carried out to summarize the correlations between leaflet trimming parameters and valve hemodynamic characteristics. Hemodynamic characteristics of the valve substitute were significantly associated with leaflet trimming parameters. The total regurgitant and transvalvular regurgitant of the valve substitute were reduced by 27.44% and 13.61% after optimization of the leaflet design. Synthetic use of in vitro tests and DOE study based on computational models helped improve outcomes of the reconstruction of aortic valve by reducing free edge length and increasing commissure height and leaflet height.

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Data Availability

Not applicable.

Abbreviations

FSI:

Fluid structure interaction

DOE:

Design of experiments

CO:

Cardiac outputs

EOA:

Effective orifice area

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Acknowledgements

This study was partially supported by Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute. We thank Shanghai Testing and Inspection Institute for Medical Devices for mechanical testing of ePTFE membranes.

Funding

This study was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11872152 and 32071310).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China

    Yong Feng, Bowen Zhang, Jianming Li, Wentao Yan & Shengzhang Wang

  2. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China

    Bing Jia & Huifeng Zhang

  3. Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Academy of Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China

    Shengzhang Wang

Authors
  1. Yong Feng
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  2. Bowen Zhang
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  3. Jianming Li
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  4. Wentao Yan
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  5. Bing Jia
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  6. Shengzhang Wang
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  7. Huifeng Zhang
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Contributions

YF developed the concept, performed the in vitro pulsatile test and computational experiments, designed the DOE test, made the analysis, and wrote the manuscript; JL contributed to the in vitro pulsatile test and analysis of data; WY contributed to the performance of the material experimental test; BZ contributed to the manuscript preparation and editing; BJ contributed to the design of experiments and analysis of data; SW developed the project concept, contributed to manuscript editing, and supervised the overall project; HZ developed the project concept, design of experiments, and data analysis. All the authors read and edited the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Shengzhang Wang or Huifeng Zhang.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Additional information

Associate Editor Craig M. Stolen oversaw the review of this article

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Feng, Y., Zhang, B., Li, J. et al. Morphology Optimization of Leaflet for Surgical Reconstruction of the Aortic Valve: In Vitro Test and Simulation-Based DOE Study. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 16, 177–191 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-022-10287-0

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