Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Paliperidone Palmitate-Loaded Zein-Maltodextrin Nanocomplex: Fabrication, Characterization, and In Vitro Release

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this research was to employ maltodextrin as a stabilizer to stabilize the zein nanocomplex of paliperidone palmitate.

Method

A zein-maltodextrin nanocomplex was synthesized using an anti-solvent precipitation technique. Box–Behnken Design was utilized for the optimization of drug-loaded zein-maltodextrin nanocomplex. Physiochemical characterization (DSC, XRD, NMR, and FT-IR), surface morphology, and release behavior were carried out.

Results

The inclusion of polysaccharides resulted in spherical stable optimized nanocomplexes with a small particle size (184.30 ± 0.067 nm) and an acceptable zeta potential (23.00 ± 0.124 mV) and improved encapsulation. The solid-state characterization and zeta potential demonstrated that electrostatic interaction was the predominant driving force, with hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction serving as additional driving forces. The release profile of drug-loaded zein-maltodextrin nanocomplex indicated sustained release in vitro. In long-term storage (25 ± 2 °C/60 ± 5% RH and 4 ± 2 °C), the drug-loaded zein-maltodextrin nanocomplex remained stable.

Conclusion

Thus, the protein-polysaccharide nanocomplex can be used to deliver antipsychotic drugs.

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article. 

References

  1. Owen RT. Extended-release paliperidone: efficacy, safety and tolerability of a new atypical antipsychotic. Drugs of Today. 2007;43:249.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Janicak P. Paliperidone ER: a review of the clinical trial data. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2008;3:869–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Davidov-Pardo G, McClements DJ. Resveratrol encapsulation: designing delivery systems to overcome solubility, stability and bioavailability issues. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2014;38:88–103.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Agrahari V. The exciting potential of nanotherapy in brain-tumor targeted drug delivery approaches. Neural Regen Res. 2017;12:197.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Patel AR, Velikov KP. Zein as a source of functional colloidal nano- and microstructures. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci. 2014;19:450–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Chuacharoen T, Sabliov CM. The potential of zein nanoparticles to protect entrapped β-carotene in the presence of milk under simulated gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. LWT Food Sci Technol. 2016;72:302–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Dai L, Sun C, Li R, Mao L, Liu F, Gao Y. Structural characterization, formation mechanism and stability of curcumin in zein-lecithin composite nanoparticles fabricated by antisolvent co-precipitation. Food Chem. 2017;237:1163–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Li H, Xu Y, Sun X, Wang S, Wang J, Zhu J, et al. Stability, bioactivity, and bioaccessibility of fucoxanthin in zein-caseinate composite nanoparticles fabricated at neutral ph by antisolvent precipitation. Food Hydrocolloids. 2018;84:379–88.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Ma M, Yuan Y, Yang S, Wang Y, Lv Z. Fabrication and characterization of Zein/tea saponin composite nanoparticles as delivery vehicles of Lutein. LWT. 2020;125: 109270.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Chen S, Sun C, Wang Y, Han Y, Dai L, Abliz A, et al. Quercetagetin-loaded composite nanoparticles based on Zein and hyaluronic acid: formation, characterization, and physicochemical stability. J Agric Food Chem. 2018;66:7441–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Cheng CJ, Jones OG. Stabilizing zein nanoparticle dispersions with ι-carrageenan. Food Hydrocolloids. 2017;69:28–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Joye I, Julian McClements D. Biopolymer-based delivery systems: challenges and opportunities. Curr Top Med Chem. 2015;16:1026–39.

  13. Luo Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Biopolymer-based nanotechnology approaches to deliver bioactive compounds for food applications: a perspective on the past, present, and future. J Agric Food Chem. 2020;68:12993–3000.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Zhang D, Jiang F, Ling J, Ouyang X-K, Wang Y-G. Delivery of curcumin using a zein-xanthan gum nanocomplex: fabrication, characterization, and in vitro release properties. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2021;204:111827.

  15. Wang X, Peng F, Liu F, Xiao Y, Li F, Lei H, et al. Zein-pectin composite nanoparticles as an efficient hyperoside delivery system: fabrication, characterization, and in vitro release property. LWT. 2020;133: 109869.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen S, Han Y, Wang Y, Yang X, Sun C, Mao L, et al. Zein-hyaluronic acid binary complex as a delivery vehicle of quercetagetin: fabrication, structural characterization, physicochemical stability and in vitro release property. Food Chem. 2019;276:322–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Sun X, Pan C, Ying Z, Yu D, Duan X, Huang F, et al. Stabilization of zein nanoparticles with K-Carrageenan and Tween 80 for encapsulation of Curcumin. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020;146:549–59.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Hu K, Huang X, Gao Y, Huang X, Xiao H, McClements DJ. Core–shell biopolymer nanoparticle delivery systems: Synthesis and characterization of curcumin fortified zein–pectin nanoparticles. Food Chem. 2015;182:275–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Chen Y, Xue J, Luo Y. Encapsulation of Phloretin in a ternary Nanocomplex prepared with phytoglycogen–caseinate–pectin via electrostatic interactions and chemical cross-linking. J Agric Food Chem. 2020;68:13221–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Ferrari R, Storti G, Morbidelli M. Maltodextrin as stabilizer for emulsion polymerization: adsorption and grafting behavior. J Polym Sci. 2020;58:1642–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Garcı́a-Ochoa F, Santos VE, Casas JA, Gómez E. Xanthan gum: production, recovery, and properties. Biotechnol Adv. 2000;18:549–79.

  22. Chen S, Xu C, Mao L, Liu F, Sun C, Dai L, et al. Fabrication and characterization of binary composite nanoparticles between Zein and shellac by anti-solvent co-precipitation. Food Bioprod Process. 2018;107:88–96.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Yang W, Liu F, Xu C, Sun C, Yuan F, Gao Y. Inhibition of the aggregation of lactoferrin and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate in the presence of polyphenols, oligosaccharides, and collagen peptide. J Agric Food Chem. 2015;63:5035–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kumar R, Nagarwal RC, Dhanawat M, Pandit JK. in-vitro and in-vivo study of indomethacin loaded gelatin nanoparticles. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2011;7:325–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Shukla R, Cheryan M. Zein: The industrial protein from corn. Ind Crops Prod. 2001;13:171–92.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Tortorella S, Maturi M, Vetri Buratti V, Vozzolo G, Locatelli E, Sambri L, et al. Zein as a versatile biopolymer: Different shapes for different biomedical applications. RSC Adv. 2021;11:39004–26.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Wei Y, Sun C, Dai L, Mao L, Yuan F, Gao Y. Novel bilayer emulsions costabilized by zein colloidal particles and propylene glycol alginate, part 1: fabrication and characterization. J Agric Food Chem. 2018;67:1197–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. International conference on recent trends in physics. ICRTP2016. J Phys: Conf Ser. 2016;2016(755):011001.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Kaith BS, Sharma K, Kumar V, Kalia S, Swart HC. Fabrication and characterization of Gum Ghatti-polymethacrylic acid based electrically conductive hydrogels. Synth Met. 2014;187:61–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hu Q, Hu S, Fleming E, Lee J-Y, Luo Y. Chitosan-caseinate-dextran ternary complex nanoparticles for potential oral delivery of astaxanthin with significantly improved bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020;151:747–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Dai L, Sun C, Wang D, Gao Y. The interaction between Zein and lecithin in ethanol-water solution and characterization of zein–lecithin composite colloidal nanoparticles. Plos One. 2016;11.

  32. Feng Y, Lee Y. Microfluidic fabrication of hollow protein microcapsules for rate-controlled release. RSC Adv. 2017;7:49455–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Sani SN, Das NG, Das SK. Effect of microfluidization parameters on the physical properties of peg-plga nanoparticles prepared using high pressure microfluidization. J Microencapsul. 2009;26:556–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Sherje AP, Londhe V. Development and evaluation of pH-responsive cyclodextrin-based in situ gel of paliperidone for intranasal delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2017;19:384–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Ye L, Huang W, Deng Y, Li Z, Jiang Y, Xie Q. Development of a pluronic-zein-curcumin drug delivery system with effective improvement of hydrophilicity, stability and sustained-release. J Cereal Sci. 2022;104: 103412.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board, File Number: CRG/2018/003176.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, Maharastra, India

    Rupali S. Bhadale & Vaishali Y. Londhe

Authors
  1. Rupali S. Bhadale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vaishali Y. Londhe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vaishali Y. Londhe.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bhadale, R.S., Londhe, V.Y. Paliperidone Palmitate-Loaded Zein-Maltodextrin Nanocomplex: Fabrication, Characterization, and In Vitro Release. J Pharm Innov 18, 1253–1263 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-023-09717-6

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-023-09717-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation