Abstract
In this study, various investigations were performed on the reduction of calculation errors of compressor models which can calculate compressor performance (pressure ratio, rotational speed) at an arbitrary operating point. For this purpose, three compressor models, including the Jensen & Kristensen model and the newly modified model, are presented in this study. By applying these models, the compressor pressure ratio and rotational speed prediction calculation results are compared with four other compressors. From these, we confirmed the performance characteristics of each model and reduced calculation errors near the surge limit, near the choking limit, and in the high speed range, which was a problem in the standard J & K compressor model. Also, the application performance of the compressor model during actual engine operation is presented through an experiment with a 1.4 liter WGT diesel engine. The pressure measurement error had a large effect on the calculation error of the low rotational speed region, and the influence decreased as the rotational speed increased. The calculation error of the compressor rotational speed was less than 10 % when the rotational speed was higher than 33 % of the maximum rotational speed of the compressor, and accuracy was improved as the rotational speed increased.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- c p :
-
specific heat ratio
- d :
-
blade diameter
- Err:
-
standard error
- est:
-
estimate
- k :
-
coefficient
- ṁ :
-
mass flow rate
- mea:
-
measure
- N :
-
mach number
- N :
-
rotational speed
- NV :
-
number of physical values
- p:
-
pressure
- R:
-
gas constant
- T :
-
temperature
- tc:
-
turbocharger compressor
- U:
-
blade tip speed
- V:
-
value
- γ :
-
specific heat ratio
- π :
-
pressure ratio
- ρ :
-
air density
- ϕ :
-
dimensionless flow ratef
- ψ :
-
dimensionless head parameter
- c :
-
compressor
- in:
-
inlet
- out:
-
outlet
References
Al-Hasan, N., Beer, J., Ehrhard, J., Lorenz, T. and Stump, L. (2015). Charging technologies for CO2 optimization by millerization. SAE Paper No. 2015-01-1250.
Arnolds, S., Balis, C., Jeckel, D., Larcher, S., Uhl, P. and Shahed, S. M. (2005). Advances in turbocharging technology and its impact on meeting proposed califonia GHG emission regulations. SAE Paper No. 2005-01-1852.
Canova, M., Naddeo, M., Liu, Y., Zhou, J. and Wang, Y.-Y. (2015). A scalable modeling approach for simulation and design optimization of automotive turbochargers. SAE Paper No. 2015-01-1288.
De Cesare, M., Covassin, F., Brugnoni, E. and Paiano, L. (2017). Boost pressure control in transient engine loading with turbocharger speed sensing. SAE Paper No. 2017-24-0049.
Jensen, J.-P., Kristensen, A. F., Sorenson, S. C., Houbak, N. and Hendricks, E. (1991). Mean value modeling of a small turbocharged diesel engine. SAE Paper No. 910070.
Martin, G., Talon, V., Higelin, P., Charlet, A. and Caillol, C. (2009). Implementing turbomachinery physics into data map-based turbocharger models. SAE Paper No. 2009-01-0310.
Moraal, P. and Kolmanovsky, I. (1999). Turbocharger modeling for automotive control applications. SAE Paper No. 1999-01-0908.
Pachner, D., Beran, J. and Tigelaar, J. (2016). Uncertainty analysis of a virtual turbo speed sensor. SAE Paper No. 2016-01-0096.
Pachner, D., Lansky, L., Germann, D. and Eigenmann, M. (2015). Fitting turbocharger maps with multidimensional rational functions. SAE Paper No. 2015-01-1719.
Park, Y., Park, I., Min, K. and Sunwoo, M. (2015). Model-based feedforward control of the vgt in a diesel engine based on empirical models of compressor and turbine efficiencies. Int. J. Automotive Technology16, 4, 561–570.
Schorn, N. A. (2014). The radial turbine for small turbocharger applications: Evolution and analytical methods for twin-entry turbine turbochargers. SAE Paper No. 2014-01-1647.
Shahed, S. M. and Bauer, K.-H. (2009). Parametric studies of the impact of turbocharging on gasoline engine downsizing. SAE Int. J. Engines2, 1, 1347–1358.
Tigelaar, J., Jaquet, K., Cox, D. and Peter, A. (2017). Utilization of turbocharger speed data to increase engine power and improvement air path control strategy and diagnostics. SAE Paper No. 2017-01-1068.
Acknowledgement
This study was supported by Industrial Technology Innovation Project (10047586, Source Technology Development for a Diesel-Hybrid system for a 1-Liter Car and the Technology Innovation Program (20002762, Development of RDE DB and Application Source Technology for Improvement of Real Road CO2 and particulate matter) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) and I thank the related organizations for their support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chung, J., Kim, N., Lee, S. et al. Performance Improvement of the Pressure Ratio and Rotational Speed Calculation of a Centrifugal Compressor Model. Int.J Automot. Technol. 21, 703–711 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-020-0068-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-020-0068-x