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Modeling and validation of turbocharged diesel engine airpath and combustion systems

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Abstract

The ultimate aim of this study is the development of an engine modeling approach that would facilitate the design of model-based control techniques for diesel engines. This will allow for the development of more generalized, modular control strategies for different engine types and sizes as opposed to the commonly practiced map-based engine control strategies that depend on maps and feedforward control and require lengthy modifications every time a change is made. Also, most engine modeling studies focus on either airpath or combustion systems, treating these models and their validation individually, and not as an integrated system as is actually the case. To address the need for more realistic models suitable for model-based control design, this study develops a combined airpath and combustion model for the engine, using analytical models wherever possible and derives a model with appropriate control inputs and outputs that could be used in a control scheme. The inclusion of the actuator dynamics of the Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), variable geometry turbine (VGT), and Throttle (THR) valves in the airpath model and the consideration of nonlinearities in the combustion model allow for the development of a more thorough engine model, as well as the validation of subsystems and the whole integrated engine model using a complete World Harmonized Transient Cycle (WHTC). This test cycle finds limited use due to its challenging transients, and yet, is the demanded test cycle for emission regulations nowadays. These are unique aspects of this modeling study, the results of which indicate that the developed engine model could be used in control design and hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) based engine control prototyping.

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Abbreviations

OFR :

stoichiometric ratio between oxygen and fuel

A max :

maximum effective area of EGR valve

A pipe :

effective pipe area causing temperature drop

c p :

air constant pressure heat capacity

c v :

constant volume air heat capacity

H :

pressure drop coefficients

h tot :

total heat transfer coefficient

J :

inertia

K :

ratio of heat capacities at constant volume and pressure

k Jt :

turbocharger friction coefficient

n cyl :

number of engine cylinders

n e :

engine speed

P :

mechanical power

p :

pressure

q HV :

fuel heating value

q in :

specific heat energy

R :

ideal gas constant

r c :

cylinder compression ratio

R t :

blade radius

T :

temperature

u :

model inputs as valve position, injection timings & quantities

u inj_qty :

total injected fuel quantity

V :

volume

W :

mass flow rate

x cv :

consumed fuel ratio during constant volume combustion

X O :

oxygen concentration

x p :

pressure ratio between after and before combustion gases

x r :

cylinder remaining gas ratio

x v :

volume ratio of the after and before combustion gases

η:

efficiency

λO :

oxygen fuel ratio in the cylinders

Π:

pressure ratio

ω:

rotational speed

ψ:

energy transfer coefficient

Ф:

volumetric flow coefficient

egr(EGR):

exhaust gas recirculation valve

thr(THR):

throttle valve

opt :

optimum

eg :

exhaust gas

T :

turbine

C :

compressor

em :

exhaust manifold

im :

intake manifold

ic :

intercooler

cool :

coolant

egrc :

EGR cooler

e :

engine

amb :

ambient

d :

displacement

ei :

engine cylinder in

eo :

engine cylinder out

f :

fuel

m :

mechanical

max :

maximum

tm :

thermodynamic

vol :

volumetric

crit :

critical

rail :

rail

soi :

start of injection

vgt :

variable geometry turbine

inj :

injection

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Powertrain Calibration & Control, Ford Otomotiv Sanayi A.S., Sancaktepe Research and Development Cener, Akplnar Mah., Hasan Basri Cd., No. 2, 34885, Sancaktepe, stanbul, Turkey

    B. Unver & Y. Koyuncuoglu

  2. Department of Control & Automation Engineering Electrical-Electronics Engineering Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak Istanbul, 34469, Turkey

    M. Gokasan & S. Bogosyan

  3. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Mines University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA

    S. Bogosyan

Authors
  1. B. Unver
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  2. Y. Koyuncuoglu
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  3. M. Gokasan
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  4. S. Bogosyan
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Correspondence to M. Gokasan.

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Unver, B., Koyuncuoglu, Y., Gokasan, M. et al. Modeling and validation of turbocharged diesel engine airpath and combustion systems. Int.J Automot. Technol. 17, 13–34 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-016-0002-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-016-0002-4

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