Abstract
While potato is an immensely important crop worldwide, its highly heterozygous, autotetraploid nature limits breeding progress. Converting potato to a diploid, inbred-hybrid crop will allow breeders to respond more quickly to changing environmental pressures and consumer demands. Breeders generate dihaploids by a cross between a cultivated tetraploid potato and a Solanum phureja inducer line, resulting in a reduction in ploidy. This cross has a low frequency of success and results in seeds of unknown ploidy. Here, we present the results of using reflectance spectroscopy analysis as a method to determine ploidy in seedlings following a cross with an inducer line. While our models showed high accuracy in determining ploidy, the specificity was insufficient for spectroscopic analysis to be a viable method for ploidy determination. These data also provide an example which suggests that, while a given phenotype distribution may shift after diploidization, breeding could be effective in making diploids that perform similarly to tetraploid varieties.
Resumen
Aun cuando la papa es un cultivo inmensamente importante en todo el mundo, su naturaleza altamente heterocigota y autotetraploide limita el progreso del mejoramiento genético. La conversión de la papa en un cultivo híbrido diploide y endogámico permitirá a los mejoradores responder más rápidamente a las cambiantes presiones ambientales y las demandas de los consumidores. Los mejoradores generan dihaploides mediante un cruce entre una papa tetraploide cultivada y una línea inductora de Solanum phureja, lo que resulta en una reducción de la ploidía. Esta cruza tiene una baja frecuencia de éxito y da como resultado semillas de ploidía desconocida. Aquí, presentamos los resultados del uso del análisis de espectroscopia de reflectancia como método para determinar la ploidía en plántulas en seguimiento a una cruza con una línea inductora. Si bien nuestros modelos mostraron una alta precisión en la determinación de la ploidía, la especificidad fue insuficiente para que el análisis espectroscópico fuera un método viable para la determinación de la ploidía. Estos datos también sugieren que, si bien las distribuciones fenotípicas cambian después de la diploidización, el mejoramiento podría ser efectivo para hacer diploides que se comporten de manera similar a las variedades tetraploides.
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Change history
20 January 2023
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-023-09904-8
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Katelyn Filbrandt for maintaining all our test plants in tissue culture. Pam Warnke and Tha Cha manage the greenhouses at the UMN; their help was essential to our greenhouse experiment. Rachel Figueroa and Nicole Mihelich provided extensive flow cytometry help.
Funding
The Office for the Vice President of Research at UMN purchased a flow cytometer for us through their Grant in Aid program. This research was funded by USDA-NIFA 2016-34141-25707, USDA-NIFA 2019-34141-30284, USDA-NIFA-SCRI 2019-51181-30021, and the Minnesota Department of Agriculture.
Experiments comply with the current laws of the United States where they were performed.
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This project was originally designed in collaboration with Dr. David Eikholt part of the Pepsi R&D team. Dr. Cari Schmitz Carley works for Aardevo a diploid potato breeding company. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of PepsiCo, Inc or Aardevo.
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Agha, H.I., Schroeder, L., Eikholt, D. et al. Assessing the Effectiveness of Reflectance Spectroscopy Analysis to Determine Ploidy in Potato. Am. J. Potato Res. 100, 135–141 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-022-09899-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-022-09899-8