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Susceptibility of Potato Cultivars to Blackspot and Shatter Bruise at Three Impact Heights

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Abstract

Handling potatoes can create opportunities to develop bruise resulting in quality defects that reduce the acceptability for purchase among retailers, processors, and consumers. Understanding cultivar specific bruise susceptibility can aid in developing appropriate bruise management programs. A two-year trial was conducted to examine bruise susceptibility in six commercially grown russet cultivars as affected by impact height. Russet Burbank, Ranger Russet, Clearwater Russet, Dakota Russet, Teton Russet, and Umatilla Russet were impacted using a device that dropped a 100 g steel weight from 8, 18, or 30 cm height to deliver a uniform impact on both the bud and stem end of a stationary tuber. Blackspot bruise incidence, severity and depth, and shatter bruise incidence were evaluated. Blackspot and shatter bruise were significantly influenced by impact height and tuber end in all cultivars. As impact height increased, blackspot bruise incidence, severity, depth, and shatter bruise incidence increased. There were no significant differences among cultivars or tuber ends in shatter bruise at the 8 cm impact height, but differences became evident at 18 and 30 cm impact heights. Overall, the bud end had lower blackspot bruise incidence, severity, and depth compared to the stem end for all cultivars, although the response difference between ends was dependent on cultivar. Clearwater Russet and Dakota Russet had the highest blackspot bruise incidence compared to other cultivars. Teton Russet had the lowest blackspot bruise incidence, severity rating, and depth among the six cultivars but had the highest shatter bruise incidence. This study provided insight on the importance of including more than one impact height to develop robust bruise susceptibility research protocols as well as develop cultivar-specific bruise management recommendations for the industry.

Resumen

El manejo de papas puede crear oportunidades para desarrollar lesiones oscuras que resultan en defectos de calidad que reducen la aceptabilidad para la compra entre minoristas, procesadores y consumidores. Comprender la susceptibilidad a los moretones específicos de la variedad puede ayudar a desarrollar programas apropiados de manejo de las lesiones. Se realizó un ensayo de dos años para examinar la susceptibilidad a los moretones en seis variedades tipo russet cultivadas comercialmente como afectadas por la altura del impacto. Russet Burbank, Ranger Russet, Clearwater Russet, Dakota Russet, Teton Russet y Umatilla Russet fueron impactadas utilizando un dispositivo que dejó caer un peso de acero de 100 g desde una altura de 8, 18 o 30 cm para ofrecer un impacto uniforme tanto en el lado apical como en el extremo basal del tubérculo estacionario. Se evaluó la incidencia, gravedad y profundidad de las lesiones de mancha negra y la incidencia de rotura. La mancha negra y el hematoma de rotura fueron influenciados significativamente por la altura del impacto y el extremo del tubérculo en todos los cultivares. A medida que aumentaba la altura del impacto, aumentaba la incidencia de moretones, la gravedad, la profundidad y la incidencia de las lesiones por rotura. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los cultivares o los extremos del tubérculo en el hematoma de rotura a la altura de impacto de 8 cm, pero las diferencias se hicieron evidentes a alturas de impacto de 18 cm y 30 cm. En general, el extremo apical de la yema tuvo una menor incidencia, gravedad y profundidad de moretones en manchas negras en comparación con el extremo basal para todos los cultivares, aunque la diferencia de respuesta entre los extremos dependió de la variedad. Clearwater Russet y Dakota Russet tuvieron la mayor incidencia de lesiones de manchas negras en comparación con otras variedades. Teton Russet tuvo la menor incidencia de moretones de manchas negras, calificación de gravedad y profundidad entre los seis cultivares, pero tuvo la mayor incidencia de moretones de rotura. Este estudio proporcionó información sobre la importancia de incluir más de una altura de impacto para desarrollar protocolos de investigación robustos de susceptibilidad a los moretones, así como para desarrollar recomendaciones de manejo de moretones específicas para variedades para la industria.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the University of Idaho personnel: Lynn Woodell, Tyler Spence, Andrew Hollingshead, and Carlos Centeno for helping carry out the daily tasks needed to complete this project. The authors also thank Dr. Albert Adjesiwor for advice on statistical procedures.

Funding

This study was funded by the Idaho Potato Commission.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Idaho Kimberly Research and Extension Center, 3806 N 3600 E, ID 83341, Kimberly, United States

    Rabecka L. Hendricks & Nora Olsen

  2. University of Idaho Parma Research and Extension Center, 29603 U of I Ln, ID 83660, Parma, United States

    Michael K. Thornton

  3. University of Idaho Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, 315 Falls Avenue East, ID 83301, Twin Falls, United States

    Patrick Hatzenbuehler

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  1. Rabecka L. Hendricks
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  2. Nora Olsen
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  4. Patrick Hatzenbuehler
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Rabecka Hendricks and Nora Olsen. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Rabecka Hendricks and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Rabecka L. Hendricks.

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Hendricks, R.L., Olsen, N., Thornton, M.K. et al. Susceptibility of Potato Cultivars to Blackspot and Shatter Bruise at Three Impact Heights. Am. J. Potato Res. 99, 358–368 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-022-09887-y

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