Abstract
Recently proposals have been made in both Europe and North America to try to radically change potato breeding strategy from a tetraploid, heterozygous crop to a diploid inbred crop. As part of that effort, clones from the long-day adapted, late blight resistant diploid hybrid Solanum phureja – S. stenotomum population were selfed to begin the process of developing inbred lines. In March of 2016 and 2017, 42 diploid clones from the above-mentioned population were selfed in the greenhouse in Beltsville, MD. In 2016 and 2017, 10 and 13 clones failed to flower, respectively. Among the remaining clones, 716 pollinations were made in 2016, resulting in 57 fruit from 17 clones, and 3742 seeds; 801 pollinations were made in 2017, resulting in 34 fruit from 12 clones, and 1903 seeds. Nine clones were successfully selfed both years. Percent successful selfs was significantly higher in 2016 (7.96%) than in 2017 (4.24%). The most prolific clones in 2016 were BD1241–1 (34% successful selfs, 1090 seed), BD1218–3 (25% successful selfs, 638 seed), BD1215–1 (5% successful selfs, 411 seed), BD1243–1 (23% successful selfs, 232 seed). In contrast, the most prolific clones in 2017 were BD1230–2 (25% successful selfs, 537 seed), BD1203–3 (23% successful selfs, 391 seed), and BD1229–1 (11% successful selfs, 388 seed). These results indicate that there is sufficient self-compatibililty in this population to generate large numbers of inbred individuals, but that genotype x environment interactions are large. Attempts to generate selfed seed should be made over several years to maximize the genetic base of the selfed population.
Resumen
Recientemente se han hecho propuestas tanto en Europa como en Norteamérica para tratar de cambiar radicalmente la estrategia de mejoramiento de la papa de un cultivo tetraploide, heterozigotico a uno diploide, endogámico. Como parte de este esfuerzo, clones adaptados a días largos, híbrido diploide resistente al tizón tardío de una población de Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum, se autofecundaron para empezar el proceso de desarrollo de líneas autogámicas. En marzo de 2016 y 2017, se autofecundaron 42 clones diploides de la población mencionada en invernadero en Beltsville, MD. En 2016 y 2017, 10 y 13 clones fallaron en florecer, respectivamente. Entre los clones restantes, se hicieron 716 polinizaciones en 2016, que resultaron en 57 frutos de 17 clones, y 3742 semillas; en el 2017 se hicieron 801 polinizaciones, que produjeron 34 frutos de 12 clones, y 1903 semillas. Nueve clones fueron autofecundados con éxito en ambos años. El porcentaje de autofecundaciones exitosas fue significativamente mayor en 2016 (7.96%) que en el 2017 (4.24%). Los clones más prolíficos en el 2016 fueron BD1241–1 (34% de éxito en la endogamia, 1090 semillas), BD1218–3 (25% de éxito, 638 semillas), BD1215–1 (5% de éxito, 411 semillas), BD1243–1 (23% de éxito, 232 semillas). En contraste, los clones más prolíficos en el 2017 fueron BD1230–2 (25% de éxito, 537 semillas), BD1203–3 (23% de éxito, 391 semillas), y BD1229–1 (11% de éxito, 388 semillas). Estos resultados indican que hay suficiente auto-compatibilidad en esta población para generar grandes números de individuos endogámicos, pero que las interacciones genotipo x medio ambiente son grandes. Los intentos para generar semilla autofecundada deberían de hacerse a lo largo de varios años para maximizar la base genética de poblaciones endogámicas.
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Haynes, K.G., Guedes, M.L. Self -Compatibility in a Diploid Hybrid Population of Solanum phureja – S. stenotomum. Am. J. Potato Res. 95, 729–734 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-9680-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-9680-y