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Feeding and Other Gall Facets: Patterns and Determinants in Gall Structure

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Abstract

Galls are neoformed structures induced by specific animals, fungi, bacteria, virus or some parasitic plants on their host plant organs. Developmental processes are well known in Agrobacterium tumefasciens galls, but the animal-induced galls have a striking anatomical diversity, concerning several patterns, which were reunited herein. Anatomical traits observed in animal-induced galls involve manipulation of plant morphogenesis in convergent ways. Nematode, mite and insect galls usually contain homogeneous storage parenchyma and develop due to hyperplasia and cell hypertrophy. The development of typical nutritive tissues, giant cells, or hypertrophied vascular bundles may occur. Some other anatomical features may be usually restricted to galls induced by specific taxa, but they may eventually be related to the developmental potentialities of the host plants. The combination of distinct morphogenetic peculiarities in each gall system culminates in extant gall structural diversity. Convergent anatomical traits are observed according to the feeding mode of the gall inducers, representing potentiation or inhibition of similar events of host plant morphogenesis and cell redifferentiation, independent of gall-inducing taxa.

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Acknowledgments

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brazil) provided the scholarship for BGF doctoral internship in Universidad de León, Spain (99999.003956/2015-06); and doctoral scholarship for GPB and BGF. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil) provided a doctoral scholarship for BGF (140226/2017-6), a postdoctoral grant for BGF (171182/2017-0), and research grants for RMSI (307011/2015-1). Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG, Brazil) provided financial resources for project execution (APQ-02617-15), and a scholarship for DRA.

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  1. Bruno G. Ferreira

    Present address: Department of Botany, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil

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  1. Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 406, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil

    Bruno G. Ferreira, Gracielle P. Bragança, Danielle R. Alvarenga & Rosy M. S. Isaias

  2. Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain

    Rafael Álvarez

  3. Department of Genetics, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, 46071, Valencia, Spain

    Nicolás Pérez-Hidalgo

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Ferreira, B.G., Álvarez, R., Bragança, G.P. et al. Feeding and Other Gall Facets: Patterns and Determinants in Gall Structure. Bot. Rev. 85, 78–106 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-019-09207-w

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