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Green Biodiesel Production from Various Plant Oils Using Nanobiocatalysts Under Different Conditions

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Abstract

The lipase-immobilized polyethyleneimine (PEI)- and polyacrylic acid (PAA)–coated magnetic silica nanocomposite particles (L-PEI-MS and L-PAA-MS, respectively) were prepared and applied at various transesterification reaction conditions. The reactions were carried out with soybean, sunflower, canola, and palm oils along with methanol or ethanol in the solvent-free and n-hexane systems. The highest fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) synthesis yields were obtained from the transesterification of palm oil, i.e., almost 7.7–10.2% higher than other oils. At the constant reaction conditions, the application of ethanol leads to higher (6.0–8.7%) reaction yields in comparison with methanol. In addition, irrespective of reaction conditions, the best performance was acquired by L-PEI-MS; e.g., the FAME and FAEE synthesis yield values of 81.2% and 88.3% were obtained from transesterification of palm oil in the solvent-free systems, respectively. Addition of n-hexane improved the synthesis of FAME and FAEE yield values to 88.9% and 93.3%, respectively, using L-PEI-MS. The transesterification reactions kinetics follows the Ping-Pong Bi-Bi mechanism with alcohol inhibition effects. The high catalytic performance of L-PEI-MS might be related to its hydrophobic nature, which enhances the accessibility of oil molecules to the immobilized lipases and hampers the deactivating effect of alcohol molecules on them.

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Abbreviations

PEI:

Polyethyleneimine

PAA:

Polyacrylic acid

MS:

Magnetic silica (Fe3O4 cluster@ SiO2) nanocomposite particles

PEI-MS:

PEI-coated magnetic silica nanocomposite particles

PAA-MS:

PAA-coated magnetic silica nanocomposite particles

L-PEI-MS:

Lipase-immobilized PEI-coated magnetic silica nanocomposite particles

L-PAA-MS:

Lipase-immobilized PAA-coated magnetic silica nanocomposite particles

FAME:

Fatty acid methyl esters

FAEE:

Fatty acid ethyl esters

V 0 :

Initial enzymatic reaction rate (mol L−1 min−1)

V max :

Maximum reaction rate (mol L−1 min−1)

\( {K}_m^A \) :

Michaelis constants of oil (mol L−1)

\( {K}_m^B \) :

Michaelis constants of alcohol (mol L−1)

\( {K}_i^B \) :

Inhibition constant of alcohol (mol L−1)

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Funding

The research is financially supported by the National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran

    Parvaneh Esmaeilnejad Ahranjani & Ayyoob Arpanaei

  2. Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9465, Tehran, Iran

    Parvaneh Esmaeilnejad Ahranjani & Mohammad Kazemeini

Authors
  1. Parvaneh Esmaeilnejad Ahranjani
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  2. Mohammad Kazemeini
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  3. Ayyoob Arpanaei
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Correspondence to Ayyoob Arpanaei.

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Esmaeilnejad Ahranjani, P., Kazemeini, M. & Arpanaei, A. Green Biodiesel Production from Various Plant Oils Using Nanobiocatalysts Under Different Conditions. Bioenerg. Res. 13, 552–562 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-019-10022-9

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