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Detectability of residual invasive bladder cancer in delayed 18F-FDG PET imaging with oral hydration using 500 mL of water and voiding-refilling

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Abstract

Objective

2-Fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) imaging is not considered useful for assessing bladder cancer due to the physiological uptake of 18F-FDG in the bladder. Despite reports of the detection of bladder cancer by washing out 18F-FDG from the bladder, such methods are invasive and impractical in the routine practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate prospectively the utility of oral hydration with 500 mL of water and voiding-refilling, a minimally invasive method that we introduced to enable detection of residual invasive bladder cancer on delayed 18F-FDG PET imaging.

Methods

From January 2015 to December 2017, 267 consecutive patients with bladder cancer underwent 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography scans. Among these patients, 25 (19 men and 6 women; mean age, 72.0 ± 11.3 years) were newly diagnosed as having muscle-invasive bladder cancer by transurethral resection of bladder tumor and T3b or T4 by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients were orally hydrated with only 500 mL of water and were then instructed to void frequently for 60 min before early 18F-FDG PET imaging. After the scans, they were instructed to hold their urine for 60 min. Then, delayed imaging was performed. Two radiologists evaluated the early and delayed 18F-FDG PET images to determine whether residual invasive bladder cancer could be detected. The maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of the bladder urine and residual tumor site were also measured on early and delayed images. The maximum diameter of the primary bladder tumor was measured on MRI.

Results

The sensitivity for detecting residual invasive bladder cancer on early and delayed imaging were 24.0 and 92.0%, respectively (P < 0.001). The SUVmax of the bladder urine on the early and delayed imaging were 34.7 ± 29.7 and 16.0 ± 10.7 (mean ± SD), respectively. The SUVmax of the residual tumor site on the early and delayed imaging were range 15.65–30.83 and 10.06–45.70, respectively.

Conclusion

Delayed 18F-FDG PET imaging with oral hydration using only 500 mL of water and voiding-refilling is useful for detecting residual invasive bladder cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Osaka Medical College, Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan

    Akira Higashiyama, Tsuyoshi Komori, Hiroshi Juri, Yuki Inada & Yoshifumi Narumi

  2. Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Daigakumachi 2-7, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan

    Haruhito Azuma

Authors
  1. Akira Higashiyama
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  2. Tsuyoshi Komori
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  3. Hiroshi Juri
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  4. Yuki Inada
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  5. Haruhito Azuma
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  6. Yoshifumi Narumi
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Correspondence to Akira Higashiyama.

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Higashiyama, A., Komori, T., Juri, H. et al. Detectability of residual invasive bladder cancer in delayed 18F-FDG PET imaging with oral hydration using 500 mL of water and voiding-refilling. Ann Nucl Med 32, 561–567 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-018-1280-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-018-1280-x

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