Abstract
This paper draws on qualitative interviews with migrant Indo-Asian and African personal care workers and registered and enrolled nurses employed by two not-for-profit residential aged care organisations in Australia: AnglicareSA and Resthaven Inc. The paper examines the way these culturally and linguistically diverse staff talk about the safe organisational environment provided by their employers, while in the wider Australian environment, low levels of hostility towards migrants and refugees are a constant cultural force. We demonstrate the impact of these organisations’ foundational ethics and values that influence how human resource diversity management strategies impact on the quality care provided to residents. We argue that this ethic and these human resource strategies act as conduits for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) staff to integrate into the workforce and as a mechanism in assisting new migrants to transition into the wider Australian society, while at the same time enriching the care of the older persons.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Access Economics. (2009). Nurses in residential aged care. Retrieved from Canberra. http://anmf.org.au/documents/reports/Nurses_residential_aged_care.pdf:
The Constitution of Anglicare SA: a public company limited by Guarantee Incorporated under the Commowealth Corporations Act 2001, (1985 up dated 2000).
AnglicareSA. (2012a). Employee recruitment and retention policy No B8. Adelaide: AnglicareSA.
AnglicareSA. (2013). Justice respect and fullness of life for all: our strategic plan 2013–2018. In AnglicareSA (Ed.). Adelaide: AnglicareSA,http://anglicaresa.com.au/wp-content/uploads/AC0014-Strategic-Plan-ELECTRONIC-VERSION.pdf.
AnglicareSA. (2014). Diversity and inclusion policy statement. Retrieved from Adelaide http://anglicaresa.com.au/diversity-and-inclusion-policy/
AnglicareSA. (2016). Home page, retrieved from https://anglicaresa.com.au/about/governance/ (July 5th).
AnglicareSA. (2017). Annual Report Retrieved from Adelaide, http://anglicaresa.com.au/about/publications/:
AnglicareSA. (2012b) Reconciliation Action Plan 2012–2016. Available at http://anglicaresa.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Reconciliation-Action-Plan-2012-2016.pdf (Accessed November 4th 2017).
Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2014). Characteristics of recent migrants, Australia, November 2013. Canberra: ABS.
Australian Government. (2016). The changing face of modern Australia—1950-1970. from http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/changing-face-of-modern-australia-1950s-to-1970s
Australian Government. (2017). Public report: 2016–17 submitted by Resthaven Incorporated. Retrieved from Canberra, https://www.resthaven.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Workplace-Gender-Equality-Agency-Resthaven-Public-Report-2016.pdf:
Bourgeault, I. L., Atanackovic, J., Rashid, A., & Parpia, R. (2010). Relations between immigrant care workers and older persons in home and long-term care. Canadian Journal on Aging-Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 29(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0714980809990407.
Bower, H., & Shrader, C. (2000). Moral reasoning and ethical climate: not-for-proft vs. for-profit board of directors. Journal of Business Ethics, 26, 147–167.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77–101.
Coffey, B., & Wang, J. (1998). Board diversity and managerial control as predictors of corporate social performance. Jounral of Business Ethics, 17, 1595–1603.
Cui, J., Jo, H., & Velasquez, M. (2015). The influence of Christian religiosity on managerial decisions concerning the environment. Journal of Business Ethics, 132, 203–131.
Ho, K. H. M., & Chiang, V. C. L. (2015). A meta-ethnography of the acculturation and socialization experiences of migrant care workers. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(2), 237–254. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12506.
Howe, A. (2009). Migrant care workers or migrants working in long-term care? A review of Australian experience. Journal of ageing and social policy, 21(4), 374–392.
International Labour Oraganization (1958) Discrimination (employment and occupation) Convention 1958, http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:C111. Accessed 23 Feb 2018
King, D., Mavromaras, K., Wei, Z., He, B., Healy, J., Macaitis, K.,. .. Smith, L. (2013). The Aged care workforce, 2012, National Institute of Labour Studies, Adelaide, South Australia.
Kingma, M. (2006). Nurses on the move: migration and the global health care economy. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University Press.
Mavromaras, K., Knight, G., Isherwood, L., Crettenden, A., Flavel, J., Karmel, T.,. .. Wei, Z. (2017). 2016 National Aged Care Workforce Census and Survey-The Aged Care Workforce, 2016. Retrieved from Canberra:
Podsiadlowski, A., Groschke, D., Kogler, M., Springer, G., & van der Zee, K. (2012). Managing a culturally diverse workforce: diversity perspectives in organizations. International Journal of Intercultural relations, 37, 159–175.
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2012). Qualitative data analysis Nursing research: generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (9th ed., pp. 556-581). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Resthaven Incorporated. (2014). Strategic Plan 2015-2020, https://www.resthaven.asn.au/publications/corporate/strategic-plan/. Adelaide Resthaven.
Resthaven Incorporated. (2015). Annual Report 2014–2015. Retrieved from Adelaide: https://www.resthaven.asn.au/publication/resthaven-annual-report/
Resthaven Incorporated. (2016). Annual Report 2015–2016. Retrieved from Adelaide, https://www.resthaven.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/publication/2016/05/Annual-Report-2015-16.pdf:
Shutes, I. (2012). The employment of migrant workers in long-term care: dynamics of choice and control. Jounrla of Social Policy, 1, 43–59.
StewardBrown. (2014). Aged care financial performance survey: residential aged care report, year ending June 2014. Retrieved from Victoria: http://www.stewartbrown.com.au/services/financial-benchmarking
Thomson, L. (2014). Migrant employment patterns in Australia: post Second World War to the present. Canberra: Retrieved from AMES Research and Policy Unit.
Walsh, K., & Shutes, I. (2013). Care relationships, quality of care and migrant workers caring for older people. Ageing & Society, 33, 393–420. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x11001309.
Willis, E., Price, K., Bonner, R., Henderson, J., Gibson, T., Hurley, J.,. .. Currie, T. (2016). National aged care staffing and skills mix project report: meeting residents’ care needs: a study of the requirements for nursing and personal care staff. Retrieved from Adelaide, http://www.anmf.org.au/documents/reports/National_Aged_Care_Staffing_Skills_Mix_Project_Report_2016.pdf:
Xiao, L., Willis, E., & Jeffers, L. (2014). Factors affecting the integration of immigrant nurses into the nursing workforce: a double hermeneutic study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51, 640–653.
Xu, Y. (2007). Strangers in strange lands—a metasynthesis of lived experiences of immigrant Asian nurses working in western countries. Advances in Nursing Science, 30(3), 246–265 Retrieved from <Go to ISI>://WOS:000249164700006.
Acknowledgements
The researchers would like to acknowledge their appreciation to the participants of this study.
Funding Statement
This manuscript reports part of a large-scale national study entitled ‘Developing the multicultural workforce to improve the quality of care for residents’. This research received Funding from the Australian Government Department of Social Services under the ‘Service Improvement and Healthy Ageing Grants’ (Project No. 4-Z312J0).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval for this project was gained from the Social & Behavioral Research Ethics Committee of Flinders [University (Project number 6841).
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Willis, E., Xiao, L.D., Morey, W. et al. New Migrants in Residential Aged Care: Managing Diversity in Not-for-Profit Organisations. Int. Migration & Integration 19, 683–700 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-018-0564-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-018-0564-2