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The diagnostic and prognostic value of exosomal microRNAs in lung cancer: a systematic review

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
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Abstract

Background

Studies have shown that many exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as non-invasive biomarkers of lung cancer, but their diagnostic and prognostic values need to be further clarified.

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature search in Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases, obtained relevant articles and extracted data, and used statistical methods and statistical software to comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of exosomal miRNAs in lung cancer. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42023447398.

Results

In terms of diagnosis, two exosomal miRNAs (miR-486-5p and miR-451a) were reported with the highest frequency in lung cancer patients, both of which had good diagnostic value. Compared with the control group, the pooled sensitivities of miR-486-5p and miR-451a were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.73–0.86) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.60–0.87), specificities: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.63–0.99) and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.72–0.92), and AUCs: 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81–0.88) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.84–0.90), for the respective miRNAs. For prognosis, in lung cancer patients with abnormally expressed exosomal miRNAs, miR-1290 was associated with PFS outcome; miR-382, miR-1246, miR-23b-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-10b-5p were associated with OS outcome; miR-21 and miR-4257 were associated with DFS outcome; miR-125a-3p and miR-625-5p were associated with PFS and OS outcomes; miR-216b and miR-451a were associated with OS and DFS outcomes.

Conclusions

Exosomal miRNAs are valuable biomarkers in lung cancer patients. Exosomal miR-486-5p and miR-451a can be used as new diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer. Dysregulated exosomal miRNAs could serve as indicators of survival outcomes in lung cancer patients.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files.

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Funding

This work was supported by the research project of Jiangsu Health Development Research Center (JSHD2022045) and Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline Cultivation Unit (JSDW202239).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210006, China

    Bingbing Yang, Xiaoqi Xin & Bangshun He

  2. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China

    Bingbing Yang & Xiaoqi Xin

  3. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China

    Xiaoqing Cao, Lubanga Nasifu, Zhenlin Nie & Bangshun He

  4. Department of Biology, Muni University, Arua, Uganda

    Lubanga Nasifu

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  1. Bingbing Yang
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  2. Xiaoqi Xin
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  3. Xiaoqing Cao
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  4. Lubanga Nasifu
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  5. Zhenlin Nie
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  6. Bangshun He
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Contributions

Each author has contributed to the relevant work of this study. BY and XX screened the literature, performed quality assessment, extracted and analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript. XC and LN extracted, analyzed and interpreted the data, and revised the manuscript. BH and ZN designed, supervised the study, and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zhenlin Nie or Bangshun He.

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Yang, B., Xin, X., Cao, X. et al. The diagnostic and prognostic value of exosomal microRNAs in lung cancer: a systematic review. Clin Transl Oncol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-024-03414-7

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