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Potentials of long non-coding RNAs as biomarkers of colorectal cancer

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide and the fourth major cause of cancer-related death, with high morbidity and increased mortality year by year. Although significant progress has been made in the therapy strategies for CRC, the great difficulty in early diagnosis, feeble susceptibility to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and high recurrence rates have reduced therapeutic efficacy resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, it is urgent to understand the pathogenesis of CRC and unravel novel biomarkers to improve the early diagnosis, treatment and prediction of CRC recurrence. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with a length of more than 200 nucleotides, which are abnormally expressed in tumor tissues and cell lines, activating or inhibiting specific genes through multiple mechanisms including transcription and translation. A growing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs are important regulators of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) expression in CRC and may be promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the research field of CRC. This review mainly summarizes the potential application value of lncRNAs as novel biomarkers in CRC diagnosis, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and prognosis. Additionally, the significance of lncRNA SNHGs family and lncRNA–miRNA networks in regulating the occurrence and development of CRC is mentioned, aiming to provide some insights for understanding the pathogenesis of CRC and developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely thank the help from Dr. Caowen Wang and Prof. Xuelin Yang of Analysis and Testing Center, China Three Gorges University for their suggestions.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 81602559), sponsored by Research Fund for Excellent Dissertation of China Three Gorges University (2019SSPY107) and by Youth Science Fund Program of China Three Gorges University (grant no. 1115064).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China

    Yan Lv, Yanhua Wang & Jiarui Bao

  2. Department of Morphology, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Life Science Building, No.8 Daxue Road, Yichang, China

    Yanhua Wang

  3. The Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China

    Zhikai Zhang & Huahua Su

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  1. Yan Lv
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  2. Yanhua Wang
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  3. Zhikai Zhang
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YL wrote and revised the manuscript. YW reviewed the literature and approved the version to be published. ZZ, JB and HS participated in the revision and polishing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yanhua Wang.

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Lv, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z. et al. Potentials of long non-coding RNAs as biomarkers of colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 24, 1715–1731 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-022-02834-7

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