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Exploring the Aggressiveness of Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity – an Institutional Experience

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Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background: Sarcomatoid variant of squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity is a rare biphasic variant of squamous cell carcinoma. This aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma is characterized by invasive growth with marked local recurrence and distant metastasis resulting in poor prognosis. Sarcomatoid carcinoma can occur over a wide age range, incidence increases with older age and is a male-predominant disease. Methods: 23 patients with histologically proven Sarcomatoid SCC or with a sarcomatoid component (Group A) were compared with 23 randomly chosen patients with clinical stage IV (Group B) disease at the time of diagnosis, within the same time period and comparison was made between disease free survival and overall survival. Results: In group A, the mean DFS was found to be 12.4 months raging from 1 month to 36 months. 6 patients were therafter lost to follow follow up, in 11 patients the mean overall survival was found to be 8.72 months (ranging from 2 to 18 months) whereas 6 patients are alive till date. In group B, the mean DFS was found to be 19.56 months ranging from 6 months to 33 months. 4 patients succumbed to the disease with a mean overall survival of 24.25 years (ranging from 18 to 33 months), 4 patients were lost to follow up and the rest are alive till date. Conclusion: Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the oral cavity is an extremely rare but aggressive variant of conventional squamous cell carcinoma. We have to systematically understand their clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features which is critical for their accurate diagnosis which aids in correct patient management. After radical surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy, strict follow up for development of recurrence and distant metastasis should be done.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

    Mohsina Hussain, Ahmer Arif Shaikh, Sirshendu Roy & Raj Nagarkar

  2. Department of Pathology, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

    Sucheta Gandhe, Dhruti Menak & Yogesh Pawar

  3. Plastic and Reconstructive Services, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

    Rajendra Dhondge

  4. Head, Head and Neck Services, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, India

    Sirshendu Roy

  5. Chief Surgical Oncologist, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, India, Nashik

    Raj Nagarkar

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  1. Mohsina Hussain
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  2. Sucheta Gandhe
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  3. Dhruti Menak
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  8. Raj Nagarkar
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Correspondence to Mohsina Hussain.

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Hussain, M., Gandhe, S., Menak, D. et al. Exploring the Aggressiveness of Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity – an Institutional Experience. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 75, 2077–2083 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-023-03823-0

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