Electronystagmography a Very Useful Diagnostic Tool in Cases of Vertigo

Abstract

A significant number of patients seen in otorhinolaryngology have symptoms of vestibular dysfunction. Examination of vestibulo-ocular reflex has been and still is the principal method of evaluating vestibular functions. Electronystagmography (ENG) has been the gold standard to test the vestibular functions. The present study aims to evaluate the utility of ENG in diagnosing the etiology of vertigo. Total of 50 patients of either sex presenting with vertigo underwent ENG after a detailed history according to the proforma of questionnaire and routine ENT examination attending ENT OPD. In selected cases CT/MRI scan and other relevant investigations were done. Nystagmorite 2 + 1 channel machine was used to study the spontaneous nystagmus and bithermal caloric tests, parameter used for evaluation of ENG being central culmination frequency. The results were transferred on Claussan’s Butterfly chart. In our study Peripheral lesion was observed in 29 cases, 19 cases had central lesion while 2 cases were mixed lesion. The data obtained was compared with those reported in other series. It was concluded that, supported by detailed history and neuro-otological examination ENG was found to be an essential tool for the diagnosis of vertigo whether central or peripheral origin along with identification of etiology of vertigo.