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Power- and time-optimized MMSE-based joint beam-forming with relay selection for future generation MIMO networks using Modified Cuckoo-Search Optimization algorithm

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Abstract

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) networks operating in millimeter wave frequency band bring promising solutions for the increased demand of future generation networks in terms of data rate, signal quality, power optimization and computational complexity. A joint beam-forming (JBF) system working concurrently on source–relay–destination nodes leads to faithful delivery of signals by mitigating the effect of interferences. The traditional JBF designs in MIMO networks yield power wastage due to undesirable participation of intermediate relay nodes for message forwarding. The computational delay in beam-forming (BF) matrix update is tedious in traditional systems. This paper proposes a novel design of power-optimized JBF that facilitates optimum relay selection for solving power wastage issues. The selected relays co-operate in BF with the power constraint, and all other relays are powered down and enter into sleeping mode. Modified Cuckoo-Search Optimization (MCSO) algorithm is used for relay selection and minimum mean square error algorithm is used for BF matrix calculation. The proposed JBF is able to maximize Achievable Sum Rate (ASR) for optimum value of transmission power. The maximum power efficiency is achieved for distant communication with the aid of selected relays contributing to maximizing the ASR value. The proposed work minimizes the sum of mean square error and concurrently computes optimum time slot for BF matrix update, and hence computational delay is reduced. Thus a hybrid optimization for power and time in JBF design is achieved with relay selection and it can be widely used in future generation networks for high-quality and interference-free communication.

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Abbreviations

\(S_{1} \), \( S_{2} \) :

Source nodes

N :

Total number of available relays

\(S_{1}^{(t)}, S_{2}^{(t)}, S_{r}^{(t)} \) :

Signals transmitted by two source and relay nodes in time slot ‘t’

\(n_{i}^{(t)}, n_{r}^{(t)} \) :

Noise interrupting at source and relay nodes in time slot ‘t’

\(R_{i} \) :

\( i^\mathrm{th} \) relay used for beam-forming

\(C_{i,r}^{(t)}, C_{r,i}^{(t)}\) :

CSI matrices between source and relay nodes in time slot ‘t’

\(C_{i,i}^{(t)},C_{r,r}^{(t)}\) :

Loop-back channel matrices at source and relay nodes in time slot ‘t’

\(y_{r}^{(t)}\) :

Received signal at relay in time slot ‘t’

\({\hat{y}}_{r}^{(t)}\) :

Received signal at relay in time slot ‘t’ after SI suppression

\({\hat{y}}_{l}^{(t)}\) :

Received signal at \(l^\mathrm{th}\) source node

\(\Delta _{i,i}^{(t)}\) :

Channel estimation error at \( i^\mathrm{th} \) node in time slot ‘t’

P:

Average transmission power

\(a_{i}\) :

Scaling factor for power allocation to selected relay

w:

AWGN at source nodes

\(w_{i} \) :

AWGN at selected relay nodes

\(\beta _{av} \) :

Average SNR

\(P_{T} \) :

Total transmission power

C:

Network capacity

\( J_{m}^{(t)} \) :

MMSE function at time slot ‘t’

\( \lambda ^{(t)} \) :

Lagrangian multiplier at time‘t’

\( Z_{j}^{(t)} \) :

Receiver BF matrix at time ‘t’

\( R_{i}^{(t)} \) :

Relay BF matrix at time ‘t’

\(\alpha ^{(t)} \) :

Power amplification matrix

\({\bar{R}}_{i}^{(t)} \) :

Beam steering direction vector

\(N_{r} \) :

Selected number of relays

\( N_{s} \) :

Number of communication nodes

\( I_{N_{r}} \) :

Initialized BF vectors at receiver node

\( I_{N_{s}} \) :

Initialized BF vectors at relay node

m :

Time slot at which BF matrix update is done

\({\hat{m}} \) :

Estimated optimum time slot at which BF matrix update is carried out

l :

Source node index

\(n_{r} \) :

Noise at relay node

\(\sigma _{n}^{2}, \sigma _{e}^{2} \) :

Noise variance and loop-back channel estimation error variance

\( p_{l} \) :

Power used at the source nodes

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NSS College of Engineering, APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    ASHOK KURUPPATH & SUDHA THIYYAKAT

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  1. ASHOK KURUPPATH
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  2. SUDHA THIYYAKAT
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Correspondence to ASHOK KURUPPATH.

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KURUPPATH, A., THIYYAKAT, S. Power- and time-optimized MMSE-based joint beam-forming with relay selection for future generation MIMO networks using Modified Cuckoo-Search Optimization algorithm. Sādhanā 45, 205 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-020-01434-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-020-01434-x

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