Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Dual plane multiple spatial watermarking with self-encryption

  • Published:
Sadhana Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Watermarking has established itself as a promising solution in the context of digital image copyright protection. Frequency domain watermarking is mainly preferred due to associated robustness and perceptual issues but requires a large amount of computation. On the other hand spatial domain watermarking is much faster but lacks when robustness is concerned. In this paper a block based spatial domain watermarking technique for color images is proposed that is fast and robust. Two-way embedding introduced in the paper provides capability to previously estimate perceptual degradation in host image due to watermark embedding. Multiple watermarking in two component images is used to achieve better imperceptibility and better robustness. Self-encryption introduced aims to remove dependency over external secret key however optional encryption with random secret keys is proposed for providing better security. Proposed embedding technique is an effort to achieve proper balance between robustness and quality degradation of image. Experiments suggest proposed method is robust against processing attacks such as spatial filtering transformations image enhancement and loss compression.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13
Figure 14
Figure 15
Figure 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Song C, Sudirman S, Merabti M and Jones D L 2010 Analysis of digital image watermark attacks. 7th IEEE Conference on Consumer Communications and Networking (CCNC), pp. 1–5

  2. Yeung M M 1998 Digital watermarking. Communication of the ACM 41(7): 31–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Nikolaidis N and Pitas I 1996 Copyright protection of images using robust digital signatures. In: ICASSP-96. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 4, pp. 2168–2171

  4. Kim B S, Choi J G, Park C H, Won J U, Kwak D M, Oh S K, Koh C R and Park K H 2003 Robust digital image watermarking method against geometrical attacks. Real-Time Imaging 9(2): 139–149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Darmstaedter V, Delaigle J F, Quisquater J J and Macq B B 1998 Low cost spatial watermarking. Comput. Graph. 22(4): 417–424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Zaho X and Ho A T S 2010 An introduction to robust transform based image watermarking technique from intelligent multimedia analysis for security applications. Studies in computational intelligence 282: 337–364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Sánchez D, Orfila A, Hernández J and Sierra J 2001 Robust new method in frequency domain watermarking, from information security, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, vol. 2200, pp. 166–182

  8. Raval M S and Rege P P 2003 Discrete wavelet transform based multiple watermarking scheme. In: TENCON 2003 Conference on Convergent Technologies for Asia-Pacific Region, vol. 3, pp. 935–938

  9. Cheng L M, Cheng L L, Chan C K and Ng K W 2004 Digital watermarking based on frequency random position insertion. Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision Conference 8th, ICARCV, 2004, vol. 2, pp. 977–982

  10. Bhatnagar G and Raman B 2009 A new robust reference logo watermarking scheme. Multimedia Tools Appl 52(2): 621–640

    Google Scholar 

  11. Chavan S, Shah R, Poojary R, Jose J and George G 2010 A novel robust colour watermarking scheme for colour watermark images in frequency domain. International Conference on Advances in Recent Technologies in Communication and Computing (ARTCom), pp. 96–100

  12. Chan C K and Cheng L M 2004 Hiding data in images by simple LSB substitution. Pattern Recognit 37(3): 469–474

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Nikolaidis N and Pitas I 1998 Robust image watermarking in the spatial domain. Signal Process 66(3): 385–403

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Maity S P and Kundu M K 2002 Robust and blind spatial watermarking in digital image. In: Proceedings of 3rd Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing (ICVGIP), pp. 388–393

  15. Kimpan S, Lasakul A and Chitwong S 2004 Variable block size based adaptive watermarking in spatial domain. In: ISCIT 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology, vol. 1, pp. 374–377

  16. Lopes I O, Barcelos C A Z, Batista M A and Silva A M 2006 Enhanced watermarking scheme based on texture analysis, Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer, vol. 4179, pp. 746–756

  17. Verma B, Jain S, Agrawal D and Phadikar A 2006 A new color image watermarking scheme. INFOCOMP J. Comput. Sci. 5(2): 37–42

    Google Scholar 

  18. Cika P 2007 New watermarking scheme for colour image. In: Proceedings of International Federation for Information Processing IFIP, vol. 245, pp. 497–504

  19. Nasir I, Weng Y and Jiang J 2010 Multiple spatial watermarking technique in color images. Signal, Image Video Process 4(2): 145–154

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Liu V, R h L. and Gao Q 2004 A new watermarking method based on DWT green component of color image. In: Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, vol. 6, pp. 3949–3954

  21. CVG-UGR test image database at http://decsai.ugr.es/cvg/dbimagenes/c512.php

  22. Petitcolas F A P, Anderson R J and Kuhn M G 1998 Attacks on copyright marking systems. In: Proceedings of Information Hiding, 2nd International Workshop, Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer, vol. 525, pp. 218–238

  23. Okada M, Okabe Y and Uehara I 2009 Semi-blind fingerprinting utilizing ordinary existing watermarking techniques. In: Proceedings of 8th international workshop on digital watermarking (IWDW), Guildford, U K

  24. Mukherjee D P, Maitra S and Acton S T 2004 Spatial domain digital watermarking of multimedia objects for buyer authentication. IEEE Trans. Multimedia. 6(1): 1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. SIPI image database- http://sipi.usc.edu/database/database.php?volume%3Dmisc

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, 462036, India

    ROOPAM SADH, NISHCHOL MISHRA & SANJEEV SHARMA

Authors
  1. ROOPAM SADH
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. NISHCHOL MISHRA
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. SANJEEV SHARMA
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to ROOPAM SADH.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

SADH, R., MISHRA, N. & SHARMA, S. Dual plane multiple spatial watermarking with self-encryption. Sadhana 41, 1–14 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-015-0458-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-015-0458-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation