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Developments in lattice quantum chromodynamics for matter at high temperature and density

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Abstract

A brief overview of the QCD phase diagram at nonzero temperature and density is provided. It is explained why standard lattice QCD techniques are not immediately applicable for its determination, due to the sign problem. A selection of recent lattice approaches that attempt to evade the sign problem are then discussed and classified according to the underlying principle: constrained simulations (density of states, histograms), holomorphicity (complex Langevin, Lefschetz thimbles), partial summations (clusters, subsets, bags) and change in integration order (strong coupling, dual formulations).

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Acknowledgements

The author takes pleasure in thanking his collaborators, especially Erhard Seiler, Dénes Sexty, Nucu Stamatescu and Lorenzo Bongiovanni. The author also thanks Kim Splittorff for a careful reading of the manuscript, and Sourendu Gupta for the opportunity to present this overview and kind hospitality at TIFR, Mumbai. This work is supported by STFC, theRoyal Society, the Wolfson Trust and the Leverhulme Trust.

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  1. Physics Department, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK

    Gert Aarts

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Aarts, G. Developments in lattice quantum chromodynamics for matter at high temperature and density. Pramana - J Phys 84, 787–799 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-015-0981-0

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