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Switching behaviour of nonlinear Mach–Zehnder interferometer based on photonic crystal geometry

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Abstract

Nonlinear Mach–Zehnder interferometer (NMZI) created with photonic crystal waveguides (PCW) and with Kerr-type nonlinearity has been investigated in this paper. The NMZI has been simulated using two-dimensional finite difference time domain (2D-FDTD) method. Input verses output (I /O) characteristics have been obtained for different lengths of the nonlinear arm, nonlinear coefficients of the nonlinear arm, wavelengths of the input beam, sizes of defect rods and NMZI offset. The results obtained are compared with earlier published results of NMZI created with conventional step index waveguides (SIW). It is shown that all useful features of light switching offered by SIW-based NMZIs are also possible with PCW-based NMZIs of extremely small dimensions. Moreover, PCW-based NMZIs offer additional useful feature not available with SIW-based NMZIs.

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge helpful discussions on photonic crystals with Dr Achanta Venugopal, Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai. Authors also acknowledge the anonymous reviewer for invaluable comments to improve the presentation. MMG acknowledges Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India for Institute fellowship during Oct. 2012-Sept. 2013. SM acknowledges funding from Department of Science & Technology (DST), India (SR /S2 /LOP-0025 /2012).

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  1. Centre for Applied Physics, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, 835 205, India

    MAN MOHAN GUPTA & S MEDHEKAR

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  1. MAN MOHAN GUPTA
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  2. S MEDHEKAR
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Correspondence to S MEDHEKAR.

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GUPTA, M.M., MEDHEKAR, S. Switching behaviour of nonlinear Mach–Zehnder interferometer based on photonic crystal geometry. Pramana - J Phys 82, 1061–1074 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-014-0705-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-014-0705-x

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