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Genetic variation and population structure of different geographical populations of Meretrix petechialis based on mitochondrial gene COI

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Abstract

The hard clam (Meretrix petechialis) is a commercially important shellfish in China. To provide valuable insights into management and conservation of M. petechialis, we investigated the genetic variation and population structure of M. petechialis by analysing samples from nine geographical populations. In this study, the genetic diversity and differentiation of nine populations of M. petechialis were assessed using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene. A total of 90 COI sequences were obtained and each COI sequence was 699 bp in length. Fifty-one haplotypes were identified with 10 haplotypes shared among populations. The haplotype diversity was highest in Fujian, Panjin and Jiangsu (\(0.9778 \,\pm \, 0.0540\)) and lowest in Dalian (\(0.7778\,\pm \,0.1374\)). The nucleotide diversity was highest in Panjin (\(0.453401\,\pm \, 0.240463\)) and lowest in Jiangsu (\(0.006213\,\pm \,0.004141\)). Neutral test (Fu’s \(F_{\mathrm{s}})\) and mismatch distribution analysis revealed that the hard clam experienced a population expansion event. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 91.7% of the genetic variance was within populations and 0.52% of the variance was among populations, demonstrating significant genetic differentiation among populations (\(P < 0.05\)). The neighbour-joining tree showed that the haplotypes were not clustered according to the geographical location, but some haplotypes from the same or neighbouring locations grouped together. The results obtained in this study provide useful information on the genetic diversity and population structure of M. petechialis and shed light on the management and protection of resources of M. petechialis in the northwestern Pacific.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology through the National Key Research and Development Programme of China (2018YFD0901400), the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (CARS-49), and the Dalian Youth Science and Technology Star Project Support Programme (2016RQ065). We thank Dr X. D. Li (Panjin Guanghe Fisheries Co. Ltd), Dr J. Liu (Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Dr J. H. Bi (Rongcheng Fisheries Research Institute), Dr Y. H. Zhang (Nanhai Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences), Mr X. Z. Zhang (Guangxi Fisheries Research Institute), Mr Y. S. Qian (Lianyungang Fisheries Research Institute), and Mr M. S. Sun (Dandong Fisheries Co. Ltd) for collecting the samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shellfish Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China

    Jun-Hong Zheng, Hong-Tao Nie, Feng Yang & Xi-Wu Yan

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  1. Jun-Hong Zheng
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  2. Hong-Tao Nie
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Correspondence to Hong-Tao Nie.

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Corresponding editor: H. A. Ranganath

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Zheng, JH., Nie, HT., Yang, F. et al. Genetic variation and population structure of different geographical populations of Meretrix petechialis based on mitochondrial gene COI. J Genet 98, 68 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-019-1111-4

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