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Petrology, mineral chemistry and geochemistry of lamprophyres from Rongjeng–Nongchram area, East Garo Hills, Shillong Plateau, Meghalaya, Northeast India

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Abstract

In this paper, detailed petrology, mineral chemistry and geochemistry of lamprophyres from the Rongjeng–Nongchram area, Meghalaya, northeast India, is being reported. These dykes are intruded into the Proterozoic Assam Meghalaya Gneissic Complex and Neoproterozoic porphyritic granites with limited field exposures in two separate clusters controlled by lineaments. These lamprophyres are alkaline, potassic to ultra-potassic, and metaluminous and have been classified into camptonite and sannite from their petrography and geochemical affinity. Resorption texture of biotite in camptonite and compositional zoning in clinopyroxene of sannite indicate their crystallization under in-equilibrium conditions and subsequent interaction with changing composition of the magma(s). Detail geochemistry indicates fractionation as the imperative mechanism during the evolution of the magma(s) and shows heterogeneity at the mantle source and evidence for minimal crustal contamination. Various tectonic discrimination diagrams indicate the emplacement of the lamprophyres in a post-collisional and within plate setting, signifying a possible plume mechanism involved in their emplacement. The affinity of the lamprophyres towards an OIB setting was recorded from the chondrite-normalized REE and primitive mantle-normalized multielement patterns. The geochemistry of the lamprophyres points towards the presence of possible enriched metasomatic pods in the mantle, which might have melted due to the heat from the mantle plume and triggered the emplacement of the lamprophyres in the Rongjeng–Nongchram area.

Research highlights

  • New lamprophyre bodies from Garo Hills, Meghalaya Plateau, NE India, are being reported with detailed petrology, geochemistry, and mineral chemistry.

  • The lamprophyres are of alkaline affinity.

  • The Kerguelen plume played a vital role in the generation of these lamprophyres.

  • There are geochemical signals of the presence of enriched metasomatic pods in the mantle, which were melted due to plume interaction.

  • The study also indicates a distinctive mantle source heterogeneity across the Meghalaya Plateau.

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Acknowledgements

This publication is the outcome of a research project entitled, ‘Petrological characterization and petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous Dyke Swarm emphasizing lamprophyre dykes of Garo Hills areas, Shillong Plateau, northeast India (M4PET/NC/NER//2022/45099)’ for field season: 2022–23, from Petrology Division, Geological Survey of India, North Eastern Region, Shillong. The authors are very thankful to the Director General, Geological Survey of India, Kolkata, and the Addl. Director General and HOD, Geological Survey of India, NER, Shillong, for providing the required infrastructure for the project. The authors are also highly grateful to Smt Rashmi Rekha Naik, Director, Geological Survey of India, for her technical involvement during the formulation of the project. The authors would like to convey sincere thanks to Central Petrology Laboratory, GSI, Kolkata and Chemical Division, GSI, NER, Shillong, for providing the necessary EPMA and bulk rock chemical analysis of the studied samples and to Ms Sweta Rath, Sr Geologist, GSI, Shillong for assistance in remote sensing studies. They are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their critical review and the editor for constructive suggestions to improve the manuscript.

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  1. Geological Survey of India, North Eastern Region, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793 006, India

    Samarendra Sahoo, Bhaskarjyoti Gogoi & Bashab Nandan Mahanta

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Samarendra Sahoo and Bhaskarjyoti Gogoi: Conceptualization, methodology, data generation, data processing, writing original draft; Bashab N Mahanta: Conceptualization, writing original draft.

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Correspondence to Bashab Nandan Mahanta.

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Communicated by N V Chalapathi Rao

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Sahoo, S., Gogoi, B. & Mahanta, B.N. Petrology, mineral chemistry and geochemistry of lamprophyres from Rongjeng–Nongchram area, East Garo Hills, Shillong Plateau, Meghalaya, Northeast India. J Earth Syst Sci 133, 16 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02213-y

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