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Characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer structure using monostatic SODAR system over Mumbai region

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Abstract

Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) height variability, along with meteorological parameters and pollutant concentrations, are studied during different months in Mumbai region for the period of November 2020 to October 2021. ABL height is measured using a monostatic SODAR (SOnic Detection And Ranging) system. The capabilities, behaviour, and benefits of employing this ground-based remote sensing system in Mumbai are examined in this preliminary report after a year of SODAR monitoring. SODAR dataset is also compared with Radiosonde input ERA5 reanalysis data. The ventilation coefficient (VC) analysis for the same time period is also covered in the paper. Especially in the months of November, December, January, February, August, September, and October, the ABL height often approached 700 m. The ABL height is increased to 1000–1200 m in April because of the strong winds and warm weather. The month of April has the greatest monthly average height (418 m), while the month of February has the lowest monthly average height (179 m). In April, when the wind speed is 7.2 m/s, the convection duration is observed to be the longest, while in December, when the wind speed is 1.75 m/s, it is the shortest.

Research highlights

  • For the first time, real-time hourly atmospheric boundary layer height data measured from SODAR system are analysed over the Mumbai region.

  • The ABL height often reached 700 m, especially in the months of November, December, January, February, August, September, and October.

  • Due to the high wind and warmth in April, the ABL height is extended to 1000–1200 m.

  • The highest ventilation coefficient values around 7095 m2/s are recorded in the month of April, while the lowest values around 2912 m2/s are recorded in the months of November and December.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Director, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal, for providing the necessary facilities to accomplish the work. The authors are also thankful to the Chairman, Maharashtra Pollution Control Board, Mumbai, for providing funding support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal, 462 026, India

    Nishant Kumar & Kirti Soni

  2. Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF), Guntur, 522 302, India

    Nishant Kumar

  3. CSIR-National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Anjali S Nair

  4. Maharashtra Pollution Control Board, Mumbai, 400 022, India

    A A Shingare, Vidyanand M Motghare & Karansingh A Rajput

  5. India Meteorological Department, Lodi Road, New Delhi, 110 003, India

    V K Soni & Anikender Kumar

  6. Central Pollution Control Board, Regional Directorate, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

    Arvind Kumar Jha

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  1. Nishant Kumar
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  2. Anjali S Nair
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Contributions

NK and KS are responsible for conceptualisation, data analysis, and writing-original draft. ASN and KAR are responsible for data generation. AAS, AJ and VMM are responsible for proofreading and finalising the draft. VKS and AK are responsible for Radiosonde measurements.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kirti Soni.

Additional information

Communicated by T Narayana Rao

Supplementary material pertaining to this article is available on the Journal of Earth System Science website (http://www.ias.ac.in/Journals/Journal_of_Earth_System_Science).

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Kumar, N., Nair, A.S., Soni, K. et al. Characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer structure using monostatic SODAR system over Mumbai region. J Earth Syst Sci 132, 177 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02191-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02191-1

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