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Quantification of River Nile/Quaternary aquifer exchanges via riverbank filtration by hydrochemical and biological indicators, Assiut, Egypt

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Abstract

This study approach seeks to characterize the hydraulic interactions between the Nile and the Quaternary aquifer via riverbank filtration (RBF) in Abu Tieg area, Assuit Governorate. The substantial removal/reduction of the most problematic substances during percolation of Nile water into abstraction wells was investigated using physico-chemical and biological indicators. Four sites with 11 municipal wells (20–750 m from the Nile) tapping the alluvial aquifer that is fed by the riverbank infiltrate were monitored. Bank-filtrated water was compared with those of the Nile and groundwater. Results showed that infiltrated Nile water ratio into the wells ranged from 39 to 80% reflecting the effect of distance from the Nile. Removal efficiency of total algal, total and faecal coliforms in bank-filtered water was 99.9%, while turbidity removal ranged from 93 to 98%. Fe, Mn and Zn in the bank-filtered water were relatively higher than those in the Nile, but were still under the allowable standards except those of Mn. LSI and WQI for the bank-filtered water indicated that the water was ranked as non-corrosive and of excellent quality. Comparison of physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of the bank-filtered water with those of the Nile and groundwater showed the high efficiency of RBF as a treatment technology with minimal cost compared to conventional methods.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank the staff of the central laboratory of Health Ministry in Cairo, Assiut Holding Company for drinking water and wastewater. Dr Scheytt, Mrs Pieper and Mr Yildiz from the Department of Applied Geosciences of TU Berlin, for their help. The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding through research group (RGP-1437-012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Fathy Abdalla

  2. Geology Department, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt

    Fathy Abdalla

  3. Civil Engineering Department, Minia University, Minia, Egypt

    Mohamed Shamrukh

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  1. Fathy Abdalla
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  2. Mohamed Shamrukh
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Correspondence to Fathy Abdalla.

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Corresponding editor: Rajib Maity

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Abdalla, F., Shamrukh, M. Quantification of River Nile/Quaternary aquifer exchanges via riverbank filtration by hydrochemical and biological indicators, Assiut, Egypt. J Earth Syst Sci 125, 1697–1711 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-016-0755-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-016-0755-1

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