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D-Tryptophan governs biofilm formation rates and bacterial interaction in P. mendocina and S. aureus

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Abstract

Biofilm genesis by Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus sp is associated with biofouling in natural settings. D-Tryptophan (D-Trp) inhibits bacterial biofilms and have been proposed for biofouling control applications. In this study, D-Trp significantly inhibited Pseudomonas mendocina and Staphylococcus aureus cell attachment (biofilm formation) rates on polystyrene 96-well microtiter plates in comparison with L-Tryptophan (L-Trp) and mixtures of D-/L-Tryptophan (D-/L-Trp). The inhibitory effect was greater on P. mendocina, where the rate of cell adherence was declined to 8.7 × 105 cells/h from 8.0 × 106 cells/h (control) in P. mendocina. In S. aureus it was declined to 4.2 × 107 cells/h from 9.2 × 107 cells/h (control) at 1 mM concentration. It hindered the intracellular communication and adherence in both the strains, as confirmed by SEM and real time PCR analysis. Addition of D-Trp to preformed biofilms also caused partial disassembly. Intra and interbacterial aggregation were decreased subsequently upon treatment with D-Trp. It repressed the genes involved in cell–cell communication, which could be responsible for the diminished biofilm formation of the selected strains. Hence D-Tryptophan has proved to be an effective strategy to control biofilm and may support in the development of surface coating technologies.

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Acknowledgements

All the authors are thankful to Director CSIR-NEERI for constant support and inspiration and providing infrastructural facilities (KRC\2018\FEB\EBGD\1). The authors are grateful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Senior Research Fellowship (19-06/2011(i) EU-IV) to Ms. Saheli Ghosh. Funds from DBT (BT/PR16149/NER/95/85/2015) and CSIR Heritage MMP (HCP0018) projects are acknowledged.

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  1. Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India

    Saheli Ghosh, Asifa Qureshi & Hemant J Purohit

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  1. Saheli Ghosh
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  2. Asifa Qureshi
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  3. Hemant J Purohit
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Correspondence to Asifa Qureshi.

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Communicated by Sudha Bhattacharya.

Corresponding editor: Sudha Bhattacharya

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Ghosh, S., Qureshi, A. & Purohit, H.J. D-Tryptophan governs biofilm formation rates and bacterial interaction in P. mendocina and S. aureus. J Biosci 44, 3 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-018-9841-7

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