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Neuroectodermal stem cells: A remyelinating potential in acute compressed spinal cord injury in rat model

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Abstract

The outcomes of compressed spinal cord injury (CSCI) necessitate radical treatment. The therapeutic potential of neuroectodermal stem cells (NESCs) in a rat model of CSCI in acute and subacute stages was assessed. White Wistar rat were divided into control, sham-operated, CSCI untreated model, CSCI grafted with NESCs at 1 day after CSCI, and at 7 days after CSCI. Primary NESC cultures were prepared from brains of embryonic day 10 (E10) mice embryos. NESCs were transplanted at the site of injury using a Hamilton syringe. Locomotor functional assessment, routine histopathology, immunostaining for (GFAP), and ultrastructure techniques for evaluating the CSI were conducted. In CSCI, areas of hemorrhage, cavitation, reactive astrocytosis, upregulated GFAP expression of immunostained areas, degeneration of the axoplasm and demyelination were observed. One day after grafting with NESCs, a decrease in astrocyte reaction and pathological features, quantitative and qualitative enhancement of remyelination and improved locomotor activity were observed. Treatment with NESCs at 7 days after CSCI did not mitigatethe reactive astrocytosis and glial scar formation that hindered the ability of the NESCs to enhance remyelination of axons. In conclusion, the microenvironment and time of NESCs transplantation affect activity of astrocytes and remyelination of axons.

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Acknowledgements

This project was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, under grant No. 10/248/1433.The authors acknowledge, with thanks (DSR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, for the financial and technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Wafaa S Ramadan & Ghada A Abdel-Hamid

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Saleh Al-Karim

  3. Embryonic Stem Cell Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Saleh Al-Karim & Noor Ahmed Mubarak Ben Zakar

  4. King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    M-Zaki Elassouli

  5. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismaillia, Egypt

    Ghada A Abdel-Hamid

  6. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Wafaa S Ramadan

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  1. Wafaa S Ramadan
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  2. Ghada A Abdel-Hamid
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  3. Saleh Al-Karim
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  4. Noor Ahmed Mubarak Ben Zakar
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  5. M-Zaki Elassouli
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Correspondence to Wafaa S Ramadan.

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Communicated by GEETA VEMUGANTI.

Corresponding editor: Geeta Vemuganti

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Ramadan, W.S., Abdel-Hamid, G.A., Al-Karim, S. et al. Neuroectodermal stem cells: A remyelinating potential in acute compressed spinal cord injury in rat model. J Biosci 43, 897–909 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-018-9812-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-018-9812-z

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