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Ayurvedic Amalaki Rasayana promotes improved stress tolerance and thus has anti-aging effects in Drosophila melanogaster

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Abstract

Amalaki Rasayana (AR) is a common Ayurvedic herbal formulation of Phyllanthus emblica fruits and some other ingredients, and is used for general good health and healthy aging. We reported it to improve life history traits and to suppress neurodegeneration as well as induced apoptosis in Drosophila. The present study examines responses of Drosophila reared on AR-supplemented food to crowding, thermal or oxidative stresses. Wild-type larvae/flies reared on AR-supplemented food survived the various cell stresses much better than those reared on control food. AR-fed mutant park 13 or DJ-1β Delta93 (Parkinson’s disease model) larvae/flies, however, showed only partial or no protection, respectively, against paraquat-induced oxidative stress, indicating essentiality of DJ-1β for AR-mediated oxidative stress tolerance. AR feeding reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation even in aged (35-day-old) wild-type flies while enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. We show that while Hsp70 or Hsp83 expression under normal or stress conditions was not affected by AR feeding, Hsp27 levels were elevated in AR-fed wild-type control as well as heat-shocked larvae. Therefore, besides the known anti-oxidant activity of Phyllanthus emblica fruits, dietary AR also enhances cellular levels of Hsp27. Our in vivo study on a model organism shows that AR feeding significantly improves tolerance to a variety of cell stresses through reduced ROS and lipid peroxidation on the one hand, and enhanced SOD activity and Hsp27 on the other. The resulting better homeostasis improves life span and quality of organism’s life.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Arya Vaidya Sala, Kottakal (Kerala, India) for providing the Amalaki Rasayana formulation, and Prof MS Valiathan for initiating the coordinated studies on Science of Ayurveda. We thank Dr PK Tiwari (Gwalior, India) for providing the anti-Hsp27, Dr RM Tanguay (Canada) for anti-Hsp90 antibody and Dr MB Evgen’ev (Russia) for 7Fb and 7.10.3 antibodies. The Bloomington stock centre is acknowledged for providing various stocks used in present study. This work was supported in part by a grant (no. Prn.SA/ADV/Ayurveda/6/2006) from the Office of the Principal Scientific Advisor to Government of India (New Delhi), by the Raja Ramanna Fellowship of the Department of Atomic Energy (Govt. of India, Mumbai) and by a grant (no. CO/AB/010/2013) from Science & Engineering Research Council (DST, New Delhi), to SCL. The Confocal Facility, established by the Department of Science & Technology, Government of India (New Delhi), is supported by the Banaras Hindu University. VD is supported by research fellowship from University Grants Commission (New Delhi).

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  1. Vibha Dwivedi

    Present address: School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

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  1. Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India

    Vibha Dwivedi & Subhash C Lakhotia

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[Dwivedi V and Lakhotia SC 2016 Ayurvedic Amalaki Rasayana promotes improved stress tolerance and thus has anti-aging effects in Drosophila melanogaster. J. Biosci.]

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Dwivedi, V., Lakhotia, S.C. Ayurvedic Amalaki Rasayana promotes improved stress tolerance and thus has anti-aging effects in Drosophila melanogaster . J Biosci 41, 697–711 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-016-9641-x

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