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A Review of Exercise-Induced Neuroplasticity in Ischemic Stroke: Pathology and Mechanisms

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Abstract

After ischemic stroke, survivors experience motor dysfunction and deterioration of memory and cognition. These symptoms are associated with the disruption of normal neuronal function, i.e., the secretion of neurotrophic factors, interhemispheric connections, and synaptic activity, and hence the disruption of the normal neural circuit. Exercise is considered an effective and feasible rehabilitation strategy for improving cognitive and motor recovery following ischemic stroke through the facilitation of neuroplasticity. In this review, our aim was to discuss the mechanisms by which exercise-induced neuroplasticity improves motor function and cognitive ability after ischemic stroke. The associated mechanisms include increases in neurotrophins, improvements in synaptic structure and function, the enhancement of interhemispheric connections, the promotion of neural regeneration, the acceleration of neural function reorganization, and the facilitation of compensation beyond the infarcted tissue. We also discuss some common exercise strategies and a novel exercise therapy, robot-assisted movement, which might be widely applied in the clinic to help stroke patients in the future.

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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81871841).

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  1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200040, China

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Ying Xing prepared figures and drafted the manuscript; Ying Xing and Yulong Bai edited and revised the manuscript; Yulong Bai approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Xing, Y., Bai, Y. A Review of Exercise-Induced Neuroplasticity in Ischemic Stroke: Pathology and Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 57, 4218–4231 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-020-02021-1

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