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Mitochondrial Neuroglobin Is Necessary for Protection Induced by Conditioned Medium from Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Astrocytic Cells Subjected to Scratch and Metabolic Injury

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A Correction to this article was published on 09 December 2021

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Abstract

Astrocytes are specialized cells capable of regulating inflammatory responses in neurodegenerative diseases or traumatic brain injury. In addition to playing an important role in neuroinflammation, these cells regulate essential functions for the preservation of brain tissue. Therefore, the search for therapeutic alternatives to preserve these cells and maintain their functions contributes in some way to counteract the progress of the injury and maintain neuronal survival in various brain pathologies. Among these strategies, the conditioned medium from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CM-hMSCA) has been reported with a potential beneficial effect against several neuropathologies. In this study, we evaluated the potential effect of CM-hMSCA in a model of human astrocytes (T98G cells) subjected to scratch injury. Our findings demonstrated that CM-hMSCA regulates the cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSF, and TNF-α, downregulates calcium at the cytoplasmic level, and regulates mitochondrial dynamics and the respiratory chain. These actions are accompanied by modulation of the expression of different proteins involved in signaling pathways such as AKT/pAKT and ERK1/2/pERK, and may mediate the localization of neuroglobin (Ngb) at the cellular level. We also confirmed that Ngb mediated the protective effects of CM-hMSCA through regulation of proteins involved in survival pathways and oxidative stress. In conclusion, regulation of brain inflammation combined with the recovery of fundamental cellular aspects in the face of injury makes CM-hMSCA a promising candidate for the protection of astrocytes in brain pathologies.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Jorge Andrés Afanador and the staff of the cosmetic surgery Clinic DHARA in Bogotá, Colombia, for the adipose tissue samples. This work was supported in part by grants PUJ IDs 6260 and 7115 to GEB and 6278 to JG and scholarship for doctoral studies awarded by the Vicerrectoría Académica of PUJ to EB.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia

    Eliana Baez-Jurado, Gina Guio-Vega, Oscar Hidalgo-Lanussa, Janneth González & George E. Barreto

  2. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastian, Lientur 1457, 4080871, Concepción, Chile

    Valentina Echeverria

  3. Research & Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA

    Valentina Echeverria

  4. King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Ghulam Md Ashraf

  5. Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  6. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  7. School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

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  1. Eliana Baez-Jurado
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  2. Gina Guio-Vega
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  3. Oscar Hidalgo-Lanussa
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  4. Janneth González
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  5. Valentina Echeverria
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  6. Ghulam Md Ashraf
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  7. Amirhossein Sahebkar
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  8. George E. Barreto
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Correspondence to George E. Barreto.

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Baez-Jurado, E., Guio-Vega, G., Hidalgo-Lanussa, O. et al. Mitochondrial Neuroglobin Is Necessary for Protection Induced by Conditioned Medium from Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Astrocytic Cells Subjected to Scratch and Metabolic Injury. Mol Neurobiol 56, 5167–5187 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-1442-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-1442-9

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