Growth, spectral, mechanical, electrical and optical characterization of guanidinium hydrogen succinate single crystal

Abstract

Slow evaporation method was employed to grow an organic crystal: guanidinium hydrogen succinate (GHS). Monoclinic structure of GHS was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction study and its space group was determined to be ${P2}_{1}/{c}$. Different functional groups present in GHS were estimated qualitatively by Fourier transform infrared analysis. The crystalline quality of the grown GHS was ascertained by high-resolution X-ray diffraction study. The UV–Vis absorption spectrum reveals a lower cut-off wavelength of 235 nm. The minimum absorption shows the wide optical transparency in the entire visible region. Work hardening co-efficient value ($n = 1.7$) shows that the GHS crystal belongs to soft material category. Behaviour of dipoles in the crystal was examined through dielectric study. The third-order nonlinear optical analysis was carried out on GHS crystal through Z-scan technique. The nonlinear refractive index $(n_2)$, nonlinear absorption coefficient ($\beta$) and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility ($\chi ^{(3)}$) were estimated to be $- 5.78 \times 10^{-8}\hbox { cm}^{2}\hbox { W}^{-1}$, $0.72 \times 10^{-4}\hbox { cm W}^{-1}$ and $8.09 \times 10^{-6}\hbox { esu}$, respectively.

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