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Cost effective and shape controlled approach to synthesize hierarchically assembled NiO nanoflakes for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions in aqueous solution

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Abstract

Hierarchical mesoporous NiO nanoflakes (NiOs) have been synthesized in high yield via a simple, economical and environmentally friendly hydrothermal route. The as-prepared NiOs were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction patterns (SAED), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and nitrogen adsorption–desorption techniques (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, BET). Adsorption of heavy metal ions onto the as-prepared sample from aqueous solutions was investigated using differential pulse anodic stripping voltametry (DPASV) technique and discussed. The product possesses a BET surface area of 69.27 m2 g−1. It is found that NiOs exhibited the excellent performance for the removal of Hg(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution. The equilibrium adsorption data of Hg(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) on the as-prepared NiOs were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich models, suggesting that the Langmuir model provides the better correlation of the experimental data. The adsorption capacities for removal of Hg(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) were determined using the Langmuir equation and found to be 1324 .5, 1428 .9 and 1428 .5 mg g−1, respectively. Adsorption kinetics of all the metal ions followed pseudo second-order model. Moreover, NiOs can be recycled by simple acid treatment, which could retain the high removal efficiency in three successive cycles. This study suggests that nanoflakes could be explored as a new adsorbent with high efficiency and recyclability for removing heavy metal ions from aqueous solution.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU) for providing financial support under the research grant scheme (Project No. VTU/Aca/2010-11/a-9/11353). We are also grateful to the authorities of the KS Institute of Technology, Bangalore, for their support and IIT Kanpur, IIT Bombay and PPRI Bangalore for providing instrumental facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Bangalore, 562 112, India

    K YOGESH KUMAR & H B MURALIDHARA

  2. Department of PG Studies and Research in Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, 577 451, India

    Y ARTHOBA NAYAKA & M S VEENA

  3. Centre for Nanoscience, KS Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560 062, India

    H HANUMANTHAPPA & S R KIRAN KUMAR

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  1. K YOGESH KUMAR
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  2. H B MURALIDHARA
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Correspondence to H B MURALIDHARA.

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KUMAR, K.Y., MURALIDHARA, H.B., NAYAKA, Y.A. et al. Cost effective and shape controlled approach to synthesize hierarchically assembled NiO nanoflakes for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions in aqueous solution. Bull Mater Sci 38, 271–282 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-014-0791-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-014-0791-x

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