Abstract
Tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world. Diseases are the number one concern in the development of high-yield and disease-resistant tomato hybrids which is the foremost priority of breeders. Present study was conducted (1) to develop DNA-based markers for genetic confirmation of tomato F1 hybrids, (2) to utilize sequenced characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker linked to the Ph-3 gene for Phytophthora infestans resistance in tomato and (3) to evaluate male and female parental genotypes and their F1 hybrids against late blight (LB) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). For molecular studies, 58 previously reported markers including RAPDs (10), SCAR (01), EST-SSR (01) and SSR (46) were applied. The SCAR marker clearly differentiated the LB3 and LB4 from Roma and T-1359 and provided evidence for Ph-3 gene. The SCAR marker was able to confirm the Ph-3 gene in the hybrids Roma × LB4, Roma × LB3, Riogrande × LB2, Riogrande × LB3 and Roma × LB7. Out of several tested primers, SSR-22 proved useful for genetic confirmation of F1 hybrid TMS1 × Money Maker (MM). For LB, tested hybrids/genotypes were ranked as susceptible to highly susceptible with different infection percentage (IP). However, the pace of symptom development was slower in hybrid Rio × LB2, 45% IP after 10 days of inoculation compared with 85% disease in one of the parent genotypes (Riogrande). None of the tested genotypes was found resistant; however, TMS1 responded as tolerant against CMV using mechanical inoculation. Under natural field conditions, TMS1 was found resistant while hybrids TMS1 × Naqeeb and TMS1 × MM were tolerant where as others were found to be susceptible. In conclusion, all tomato hybrids were genetically confirmed using DNA-based markers. SCAR marker was useful for marker-assisted confirmation of the Ph-3 gene in parental lines and hybrids; however, this gene was unable to provide protection against the local population of P. infestans.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Akhtar, K., Saleem, M., Iqbal, Q., Asghar, M., Hameed, A., & Sarwar, N. (2016). Evaluation of tomato genotypes for late blight resistance using low tunnel assay. Journal of Plant Pathology, 98(3), 421–428.
Akhtar, K. P., Saleem, M. Y., Asghar, M., Ahmad, M., & Sarwar, N. (2010). Resistance of Solanum species to Cucumber mosaic virus subgroup IA and its vector Myzus persicae. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 128(4), 435–450.
Akhtar, K. P., Saleem, M. Y., Asghar, M., Ali, S., Sarwar, N., & Elahi, M. T. (2012). Resistance of Solanum species to Phytophthora infestans evaluated in the detached-leaf and whole-plant assays. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(3), 1141–1146.
Chunwongse, J., Chunwongse, C., Black, L., & Hanson, P. (2002). Molecular mapping of the Ph-3 gene for late blight resistance in tomato. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 77(3), 281–286.
Clark, M. F., & Adams, A. (1977). Characteristics of the microplate method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of plant viruses. Journal of General Virology, 34(3), 475–483.
Foolad, M. R., Merk, H. L., & Ashrafi, H. (2008). Genetics, genomics and breeding of late blight and early blight resistance in tomato. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 27(2), 75–107.
Fry, W. E., & Goodwin, S. B. (1997). Resurgence of the Irish potato famine fungus. BioScience, 47(1), 363–371.
Gisi, U., & Cohen, Y. (1996). Resistance to phenylamide fungicides: A case study with Phytophthora infestans involving mating type and race structure. Annual review of Phytopathology, 34(1), 549–572.
Hameed, A., Malik, S. A., Iqbal, N., Arshad, R., & Farooq, S. (2004). A rapid (100 min) method for isolating high yield and quality DNA from leaves, roots and coleoptile of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) suitable for apoptotic and other molecular studies. International Journal of Agricultural and Biology, 6(2), 383–387.
Iqbal, Q., Saleem, M. Y., Hameed, A., & Asghar, M. (2014). Assessment of genetic divergence in tomato through agglomerative hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 46(5), 1865–1870.
Irzhansky, I., & Cohen, Y. (2006). Inheritance of resistance against Phytophthora infestans in Lycopersicon pimpenellifolium L3707. Euphytica, 149(3), 309–316.
Kim, M.-J., & Mutschler, M. A. (2005). Transfer to processing tomato and characterization of late blight resistance derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium L. L3708. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 130(6), 877–884.
Lukyanenko, A. (1991). Disease resistance in tomato. In G. Kalloo (Ed.), Genetic improvement of tomato (pp. 99–119). Berlin: Springer.
Ohlson, E. W., & Foolad, M. R. (2015). Heritability of late blight resistance in tomato conferred by Solanum pimpinellifolium accession PI 224710. Plant Breeding, 134(4), 461–467.
Panthee, D. R., & Gardner, R. G. (2010). ‘Mountain Merit’: a late blight-resistant large-fruited tomato hybrid. HortScience, 45(10), 1547–1548.
Park, D. H., Zhang, Y., & Kim, B. S. (2014). Improvement of resistance to late blight in hybrid tomato. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 55(2), 120–124.
Park, P. H., Chae, Y., Kim, H. R., Chung, K. H., Oh, D. G., & Kim, K. T. (2010). Development of a SCAR Marker Linked to Ph-3 in Solanum ssp. Korean Journal of Breeding Science, 42(2), 139–143.
Truong, H. T. H., Tran, H. N., Choi, H. S., Park, P. H., & Lee, H. E. (2013). Development of a co-dominant SCAR marker linked to the Ph-3 gene for Phytophthora infestans resistance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). European Journal of Plant Pathology, 136(2), 237–245.
Wang, Y.-Y., Chen, C.-H., Hoffmann, A., Hsu, Y.-C., Lu, S.-F., Wang, J.-F., et al. (2016). Evaluation of the Ph-3 gene-specific marker developed for marker-assisted selection of late blight-resistant tomato. Plant Breeding, 135(5), 636–642. doi:10.1111/pbr.12395.
Zhang, C., Liu, L., Wang, X., Vossen, J., Li, G., Li, T., et al. (2014). The Ph-3 gene from Solanum pimpinellifolium encodes CC-NBS-LRR protein conferring resistance to Phytophthora infestans. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 127(6), 1353–1364.
Zou, Q., Li, H., Zhang, Z., Lu, S., Wang, Y., Yang, G., et al. (2012). Identification of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker of Ph-3 gene for late blight resistance in tomato. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(52), 11372–11376.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for the provision of financial support by Pakistan Science Foundation, Islamabad, under the project No. PSF/NSLP/P-NIAB (164) entitled “Development of high yielding and disease resistant hybrids of tomato” to complete this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hameed, A., Saleem, M.Y., Akhtar, K.P. et al. Molecular Confirmation of Intraspecific Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Hybrids and Their Evaluation Against Late Blight and Cucumber Mosaic Virus. Mol Biotechnol 59, 234–240 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-017-0010-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-017-0010-2