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Extensive review on breast cancer its etiology, progression, prognostic markers, and treatment

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Abstract

As the most frequent and vulnerable malignancy among women, breast cancer universally manifests a formidable healthcare challenge. From a biological and molecular perspective, it is a heterogenous disease and is stratified based on the etiological factors driving breast carcinogenesis. Notably, genetic predispositions and epigenetic impacts often constitute the heterogeneity of this disease. Typically, breast cancer is classified intrinsically into histological subtypes in clinical landscapes. These stratifications empower physicians to tailor precise treatments among the spectrum of breast cancer therapeutics. In this pursuit, numerous prognostic algorithms are extensively characterized, drastically changing how breast cancer is portrayed. Therefore, it is a basic requisite to comprehend the multidisciplinary rationales of breast cancer to assist the evolution of novel therapeutic strategies. This review aims at highlighting the molecular and genetic grounds of cancer additionally with therapeutic and phytotherapeutic context. Substantially, it also renders researchers with an insight into the breast cancer cell lines as a model paradigm for breast cancer research interventions.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Karpagam Academy of Higher Education for providing a laboratory to carry out research work.

Funding

This research was funded by DST-FIST (SR/FST/LS-1/2018/187); DST-SHRI (DST/TDT/SHRI/2022/70) to complete this work. Department of Science and Technology, Government of Rajasthan, DST/DTD/SHRI/70/2022, Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641021, Tamil Nadu, India

    Harshini Swaminathan & Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav

  2. Virus Research and Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore, India

    K. Saravanamurali

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Swaminathan, H., Saravanamurali, K. & Yadav, S.A. Extensive review on breast cancer its etiology, progression, prognostic markers, and treatment. Med Oncol 40, 238 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-023-02111-9

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