Abstract
Acute neurologic illnesses (ANI) contribute significantly to the global burden of disease and cause disproportionate death and disability in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) where neurocritical care resources and expertise are limited. Shifting epidemiologic trends in recent decades have increased the worldwide burden of noncommunicable diseases, including cerebrovascular disease and traumatic brain injury, which coexist in many LMICs with a persistently high burden of central nervous system infections such as tuberculosis, neurocysticercosis, and HIV-related opportunistic infections and complications. In the face of this heavy disease burden, many resource-limited countries lack the infrastructure to provide adequate care for patients with ANI. Major gaps exist between wealthy and poor countries in access to essential resources such as intensive care unit beds, neuroimaging, clinical laboratories, neurosurgical capacity, and medications for managing complex neurologic emergencies. Moreover, many resource-limited countries face critical shortages in health care workers trained to manage neurologic emergencies, with subspecialized neurocritical care expertise largely absent outside of high-income countries. Numerous opportunities exist to overcome these challenges through capacity-building efforts that improve outcomes for patients with ANI in resource-limited countries. These include research on needs and best practices for ANI management in LMICs, developing systems for effective triage, education and training to expand the neurology workforce, and supporting increased collaboration and data sharing among LMIC health care workers and systems. The success of these efforts in curbing the disproportionate and rising impact of ANI in LMICs will depend on the coordinated engagement of the global neurocritical care community.
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Dr. Rubinos wishes to acknowledge the Medical Scientist Training Program at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine.
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Dr. Prust contributed to conceptual design, literature review, preparation of article, tables and figures, and editing, drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Dr. Mbonde contributed to conceptual design, literature review, preparation of article, tables and figures, and editing, drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Dr. Rubinos contributed to literature review, drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Dr. Shrestha contributed to literature review, drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Dr. Komolafe contributed to literature review, drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Dr. Saylor contributed to conceptual design, literature review, drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content. Dr. Mangat contributed to conceptual design, literature review, drafting the article, and revising it critically for important intellectual content. The final manuscript was approved by all authors.
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Prust, M.L., Mbonde, A., Rubinos, C. et al. Providing Neurocritical Care in Resource-Limited Settings: Challenges and Opportunities. Neurocrit Care 37, 583–592 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-022-01568-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-022-01568-2