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Impact of Early and Late Visual Deprivation on the Structure of the Corpus Callosum: A Study Combining Thickness Profile with Surface Tensor-Based Morphometry

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Abstract

Blindness represents a unique model to study how visual experience may shape the development of brain organization. Exploring how the structure of the corpus callosum (CC) reorganizes ensuing visual deprivation is of particular interest due to its important functional implication in vision (e.g., via the splenium of the CC). Moreover, comparing early versus late visually deprived individuals has the potential to unravel the existence of a sensitive period for reshaping the CC structure. Here, we develop a novel framework to capture a complete set of shape differences in the CC between congenitally blind (CB), late blind (LB) and sighted control (SC) groups. The CCs were manually segmented from T1-weighted brain MRI and modeled by 3D tetrahedral meshes. We statistically compared the combination of local area and thickness at each point between subject groups. Differences in area are found using surface tensor-based morphometry; thickness is estimated by tracing the streamlines in the volumetric harmonic field. Group differences were assessed on this combined measure using Hotelling’s T 2 test. Interestingly, we observed that the total callosal volume did not differ between the groups. However, our fine-grained analysis reveals significant differences mostly localized around the splenium areas between both blind groups and the sighted group (general effects of blindness) and, importantly, specific dissimilarities between the LB and CB groups, illustrating the existence of a sensitive period for reorganization. The new multivariate statistics also gave better effect sizes for detecting morphometric differences, relative to other statistics. They may boost statistical power for CC morphometric analyses.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the National Institute on Aging (R21AG043760 to LX, JS and YW), the National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R21EB012177 to YL and NL), the Arizona Alzheimer’s Consortium (ADHS14-052688 to YW), the National Science Foundation (DMS-1413417, IIS-1421165 to YW), the joint special fund of Shandong province Natural Science Fundation (ZR2013FL008 to GW) and the European Research Council starting grant MADVIS (ERC-StG 337573 to OC). YW is also supported, in part, by U54 EB020403 (the “Big Data to Knowledge” Program), supported by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the NIBIB and a cross-NIH Consortium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 878809, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA

    Jie Shi, Liang Xu, Gang Wang & Yalin Wang

  2. Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Yue Kang, Yi Lao & Natasha Leporé

  3. Department of Radiology & Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Natasha Leporé

  4. Center for Mind/Brain Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy

    Olivier Collignon

  5. School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China

    Gang Wang

  6. Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Franco Leporé

  7. Signal and Image Processing Institute, Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Anand A. Joshi

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  1. Jie Shi
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  2. Olivier Collignon
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  10. Yalin Wang
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Correspondence to Yalin Wang.

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Natasha Leporé and Yalin Wang are equal senior authors.

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Shi, J., Collignon, O., Xu, L. et al. Impact of Early and Late Visual Deprivation on the Structure of the Corpus Callosum: A Study Combining Thickness Profile with Surface Tensor-Based Morphometry. Neuroinform 13, 321–336 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-014-9259-9

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