Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare patients’ pain and satisfaction of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) for a thyroid nodule.
Methods
We consecutively enrolled patients with thyroid nodules who underwent ultrasound-guided FNA or CNB in our institution. The patients answered a questionnaire about pain scores during the procedure, immediately after the procedure and 20 min after the procedure, and any complication after the biopsy. Through a phone interview which was conducted 2 weeks after the procedure, a researcher asked the patients about residual pain and overall subjective satisfaction score about the procedures. Patients were also asked to report any complication or complaint after the procedures on the phone interview.
Results
The 167 patients who had undergone thyroid FNA (n = 87) or CNB (n = 80) were included. The pain scores were not significantly different between the two groups during the procedure and after the procedure. Overall satisfaction scores after 2 weeks were not different, either. There was no acute or delayed major complication in both groups.
Conclusions
Differences regarding patients’ pain and satisfaction scores between CNB and FNA were not demonstrated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Brander, P. Viikinkoski, J. Nickels, L. Kivisaari, Thyroid gland: US screening in a random adult population. Radiology 181, 683–687 (1991)
G.H. Tan, H. Gharib, Thyroid incidentalomas: management approaches to nonpalpable nodules discovered incidentally on thyroid imaging. Ann. Intern Med. 126, 226–231 (1997).
M.C. Frates, C.B. Benson, J.W. Charboneau et al. Management of thyroid nodules detected at US: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound consensus conference statement. Radiology 237, 794–800 (2005)
I.S. Nam-Goong, H.Y. Kim, G. Gong et al. Ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration of thyroid incidentaloma: correlation with pathological findings. Clin. Endocrinol. 60, 21–28 (2004)
L.Y. Huang, Y.L. Lee, P. Chou, W.Y. Chiu, D. Chu, Thyroid Fine needle aspiration biopsy and thyroid cancer diagnosis: a nationwide population based study. PLoS ONE 10, e0127354 (2015)
E.L. Mazzaferri, S.M. Jhiang, Long-term impact of initial surgical and medical therapy on papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. Am. J. Med. 97, 418–428 (1994).
A.C. Nachiappan, Z.A. Metwalli, B.S. Hailey et al. The thyroid: review of imaging features and biopsy techniques with radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 34, 276–293 (2014)
M. Wu, D.E. Burstein, Fine needle aspiration. Cancer Invest 22, 620–628 (2014)
J.H. Yoon, E.K. Kim, J.Y. Kwak, H.J. Moon, Effectiveness and limitations of core needle biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules: review of current literature. J. Pathol. Transl. Med. 49, 230–235 (2015).
D.G. Na, J.H. Kim, J.Y. Sung et al. Core needle biopsy is more useful than repeat fine needle aspiration in thyroid nodules read as nondiagnostic or atypia of undetermined significance by the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology. Thyroid 22, 468–475 (2012)
A.E. Samir, A. Vij, M.K. Seale, G. Desai et al. Ultrasound guided percutaneous thyroid nodule core biopsy: clinical utility in patients with prior nondiagnostic fine needle aspirate. Thyroid 22, 461–467 (2012)
S.Y. Hahn, J.H. Shin, B.K. Han, E.Y. Ko, E.S. Ko, Ultrasonography guided core needle biopsy for the thyroid nodule: does the procedure hold any benefit for the diagnosis when fine needle aspiration cytology analysis shows inconclusive results? Br. J. Radiol. 8 6, 20130007 (2013)
J.S. Yeon, J.H. Baek, H.K. Lim et al. Thyroid nodules with initially nondiagnostic cytologic results: the role of core needle biopsy. Radiology 268, 274–280 (2013)
P. Trimboli, N. Nasrollah, L. Guidobaldi et al. The use of core needle biopsy as first line in diagnosis of thyroid nodules reduces false negative and inconclusive data reported by fine-needle aspiration. World J. Surg. Oncol. 12, 61 (2014)
B.T. Chen, A.B. Jain, A. Dagis et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy versus fine-needle aspiration for evaluating thyroid nodules. Endocr. Pr. 21, 128–135 (2015)
C.H. Suh, J.H. Baek, J.H. Lee et al. The role of core needle biopsy as a first line diagnostic tool for initially detected thyroid nodules. Thyroid 26, 395–403 (2016)
M. Zhang, Y. Zhang, S. Fu, F. Lv, J. Tang, Thyroid nodules with suspicious ultrasound findings: the role of ultra-sound-guided core needle biopsy. Clin. Imaging 38, 434–438 (2014)
N.J. Screaton, L.H. Berman, J.W. Grant, US-guided core needle biopsy of the thyroid gland. Radiology 226, 827–832 (2003)
D.G. Na, J.H. Baek, S.L. Jung et al. Core needle biopsy of the thyroid: 2016 consensus statement and recommendations from Korean society of thyroid radiology. Korean J. Radio. 18, 217–237 (2017)
C.K. Jung, H.S. Min, H.J. Park, et al. Pathology reporting of thyroid core needle biopsy: a proposal of the Korean endocrine pathology thyroid core needle biopsy study group. J. Pathol. Transl. Med. 49, 288–299 (2015)
W.J. Moon, J.H. Baek, S.L. Jung et al. Ultrasonography and the ultrasound-based management of thyroid nodules: consensus statement and recommendations. Korean J. Radio. 12, 1–14 (2011)
N. Nasrollah, P. Trimboli, F. Rossi et al. Patient’s comfort with and tolerability of thyroid core needle biopsy. Endocrine 45, 79–83 (2014)
A. Stangierski, K. Wolinski, K. Martin, O. Leitgeber, M. Ruchala, Core needle biopsy of thyroid nodules: evaluation of diagnostic utility and pain experience. Neuroendocr. Lett. 34, 798–801 (2013)
C.H. Suh, J.H. Baek, J.H. Lee et al. The role of core-needle biopsy as a first line diagnostic tool for initially detected thyroid nodules. Thyroid 26(3), 395–403 (2016)
M. Paja, J.L. Del Cura, R. Zabala, et al. Core-needle biopsy in thyroid nodules: performance, accuracy, and complications. Eur. Radiol. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-019-06038-6
C.H. Suh, J.H. Baek, J.H. Lee et al. The role of core-needle biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy in 4580 patients with 4746 thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 54(2), 315–328 (2016)
E.J. Ha, J.H. Baek, J.H. Lee et al. Complications following US-guided core-needle biopsy for thyroid lesions: a retrospective study of 6,169 consecutive patients with 6,687 thyroid nodules. Eur. Radio. 27, 1186–1194 (2017)
E.J. Ha, C.H. Suh, J.H. Baek, Complications following ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy of thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur. Radio. 28, 3848–3860 (2018)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical standards
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent
Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
Additional information
Publisher’s note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jin Kim, H., Koon Kim, Y., Hoon Moon, J. et al. Thyroid core needle biopsy: patients’ pain and satisfaction compared to fine needle aspiration. Endocrine 65, 365–370 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-019-01973-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-019-01973-2