Abstract
One of the most widely studied demyelinating diseases is multiple sclerosis, which is characterised by the appearance of demyelinating plaques, followed by myelin regeneration. Nevertheless, with disease progression, remyelination tends to fail, increasing the characteristic neurodegeneration of the disease. It is essential to understand the mechanisms that operate in the processes of myelination, demyelination and remyelination to develop treatments that promote the production of new myelin, thereby protecting the central nervous system. A huge variety of models have been developed to help improve our understanding of these processes. Nevertheless, no single model allows us to study all the processes involved in remyelination and usually more than one is needed to provide a full picture of related mechanisms. In this review, we summarise the most commonly used models for studying myelination, demyelination and remyelination and we analyse them critically to outline the most suitable ways of using them.
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Acknowledgements
IOQ is supported by a pre-doctoral fellowship from the Basque Government (PRE_2014_1_7). MSC is a fellow of the Río Hortega program of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CM14/00006). MMC is supported by Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa (DFG15/006) and the Basque Government (ELKARTEK program 16/014). IOQ reviewed the literature and drafted the manuscript. MSC and MMC drafted and revised the manuscript. DOB supervised the work. All the authors contributed to the final version of the manuscript. We thank the editors of Ideas Need Communicating Language Services for improving the use of English in the manuscript and the Basque Foundation for Health Research and Innovation for funding this editing work.
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Osorio-Querejeta, I., Sáenz Cuesta, M., Muñoz-Culla, M. and Otaegui, D. declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Osorio-Querejeta, I., Sáenz-Cuesta, M., Muñoz-Culla, M. et al. Models for Studying Myelination, Demyelination and Remyelination. Neuromol Med 19, 181–192 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-017-8442-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-017-8442-1