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Betaine Protects Mice from Cardiotoxicity Triggered by Sodium Arsenite Through Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Pathways

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Abstract

NaAsO2 is known as a harmful pollutant all over the world, and many chronic heart diseases can be attributed to its prolonged exposure in NaAsO2-contaminated water. Therefore, considering the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of betaine (BET), in this study, our team investigated the cardioprotective effects of this phytochemical agent on sodium arsenite (NaAsO2)-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: (I) Control; (II) BET (500 mg/kg); (III) NaAsO2 (50 ppm); and (IV) NaAsO2 + BET. NaAsO2 was given to the animals for 8 weeks, but BET was given in the last two weeks. After decapitation, inflammatory factors and biochemical parameters were measured, and Western blot analyses were performed. BET decrease the activity level of alanine aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase MB, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level, inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α) content, and nuclear factor kappa B expression. Furthermore, BET increased cardiac total thiol and activity levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase and nuclear factor erythroid-2 expression. Hence, the administration of BET ameliorated the deleterious effects stemming from the imbalance of oxidative and antioxidant pathways and histopathological alterations observed in NaAsO2-intoxicated mice, thereby attenuating oxidative stress-induced damage and inflammation.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available.

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Acknowledgements

Parts of the graphical abstract were drawn by using pictures from Servier Medical Art. Servier Medical Art by Servier is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

Funding

This study was supported by a student grant from the Student Research Committee (Grant No: 00s86) of AJUMS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Saeedeh Shariati & Reza Azadnasab

  2. Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Saeedeh Shariati, Maryam Shirani, Reza Azadnasab & Mohammad Javad Khodayar

  3. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Layasadat Khorsandi

  4. Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Mohammad Javad Khodayar

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Contributions

Data collection, investigation, data analysis, and writing original draft and editing were performed by S.S. Methodology, validation, and consultation were performed by M.S. Methodology and investigation were performed by R.A. Pathological analysis and consultation were performed by L.K. Conceptualization, validation, methodology, writing and editing, and supervision were performed by MJ.K. All authors reviewed and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mohammad Javad Khodayar.

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Animal experiments working methods and euthanasia were performed based on animal care and use methods approved by the Ethics Committee of AJUMS (Ethics Approval ID: IR.AJUMS.ABHC.REC.1400.115).

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Shariati, S., Shirani, M., Azadnasab, R. et al. Betaine Protects Mice from Cardiotoxicity Triggered by Sodium Arsenite Through Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Pathways. Cardiovasc Toxicol 24, 539–549 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-024-09864-3

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