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Potential Role of Oxidative Stress in the Effects of Chronic Administration of Iron on Affective and Cognitive Behavior on Male Wistar Rat

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Abstract

In this work, we studied the impact of chronic iron exposure, in the form of iron sulfate (FeSo4), on affective and cognitive disorders and oxidative stress in the male Wistar rat. The treatment was carried out for 8 weeks, the rats received an intraperitoneal injection of iron at different doses: 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg. Affective and cognitive disorders are assessed in open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), forced swimming test (FST), Morris water maze (MWM), and Y-maze. The hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of each animal were taken for biochemical examination. Our results show that iron exerts anxiogenic and depressogenic effects, which were observed first at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg and continued in a dose-dependent manner up to the maximum tested dose of 1 mg/kg. According to results from the MWM and Y-maze tests, continuous exposure to iron induces cognitive disorders that are defined by the disturbance of working memory and influences spatial learning performance causing a deficit of spatial memory retention. We noted that chronic exposure to iron can be associated with the appearance of a state of oxidative stress in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex demonstrated by an increase in lipid peroxidation, an increase in nitric oxide, and also by disturbances in the antioxidant defense systems following a determination of the concentrations of catalase. In conclusion, we can deduce from this work that chronic iron exposure can be related to the induction of cognitive and affective disorders and oxidative stress.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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  1. Laboratory of Biology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco

    Ayoub Rezqaoui, Laila Ibouzine-dine, Abdelghafour Elhamzaoui, Mohamed Yassine El Brouzi, Amal Dimaoui, Aboubaker El hessni & Abdelhalem Mesfioui

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  1. Ayoub Rezqaoui
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Rezqaoui Ayoub and Ibouzine-dineLaila. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Reqaoui Ayoub and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ayoub Rezqaoui.

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Rezqaoui, A., Ibouzine-dine, L., Elhamzaoui, A. et al. Potential Role of Oxidative Stress in the Effects of Chronic Administration of Iron on Affective and Cognitive Behavior on Male Wistar Rat. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 4812–4826 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-023-03560-z

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