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Investigation on the 2D-Distribution of Metallic Elements after Hair Dyeing

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Abstract

Long-term use of hair dyes has potential effects on metal content in hair. However, little research dissects the specific distribution and composition variations of the metal after dyeing. In this study, we investigated the morphological change and metallic elements content variation after dyeing. The results showed that the concentration of essential metal elements decreased, among which the Ca, K, and Na decreased sharply even above 50%. As for the heavy metal, the most significant observation is that Pb increased almost by five times after dyeing. Besides, it revealed, using scanning electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), that Pb concentrated at the outer layer of the hair. In addition, two-dimensional proton-induced X-ray emission (2D-PIXE) was applied to analyze the distribution of metallic elements along the longitudinal and cross section of the hair. The results showed that Ca and Zn distributed evenly in the hair along the longitudinal and cross section. It is the first time that 2D-PIXE is applied to analyze the metallic distribution in the hair. This method exhibits high sensitivity and can be widely used in the environmental and medical field to analyze the distribution of metallic elements.

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Funding

This study was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 20945002) and Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (grant Nos. 16142202400, 09ZR1403900).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd., Shanghai, 200438, China

    Zhiyan Dang, Huanhuan Xu & Qingguang Ren

  2. Modern Physics Research Center, Fudan University, 220 Handan Rd. (Handan Campus), Shanghai, 200433, China

    Tao Yu, Hailei Zhang & Hao Shen

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  1. Zhiyan Dang
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  2. Tao Yu
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  3. Huanhuan Xu
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  4. Hailei Zhang
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  5. Qingguang Ren
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Correspondence to Qingguang Ren.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were approved by the Institutional Review Board of School of Life Sciences, Fudan University (No. BE1923). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Dang, Z., Yu, T., Xu, H. et al. Investigation on the 2D-Distribution of Metallic Elements after Hair Dyeing. Biol Trace Elem Res 193, 348–356 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01722-6

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