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Gastrointestinal Absorption and Renal Excretion of Fluoride After Ingestion of a High-Fluoride Dentifrice

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the gastrointestinal absorption and renal excretion of fluoride after the ingestion of high-fluoride dentifrice. Twelve volunteers participated in this in vivo, crossover, and blinded study. In three experimental phases, the volunteers were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, who ingested either the following: distilled and deionized water (control), conventional dentifrice (1100 μg/g), or high-fluoride dentifrice (5000 μg/g). Both dentifrices contained fluoride in the form of NaF/SiO2. To determine the rate of fluoride absorption, non-stimulated saliva was collected for up to 120 min after ingestion and the area under the curve of the salivary fluoride concentration was plotted as a function of time and the maximum concentration determined. All urine produced during the 24 h before and after ingestion was collected, and urinary excretion was calculated from the difference between the urinary fluoride concentrations in the two periods. A specific ion electrode coupled to an ion analyzer was used to measure fluoride concentrations. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test with p set at 5%. All measured parameters were highest after the ingestion of the dentifrice with 5000 μg/g (p < 0.001), confirming that this has an increased level of bioavailable fluoride compared with the conventional dentifrice. The high-fluoride dentifrice increases the concentration of salivary fluoride, which may explain its greater anticaries effect. However, it poses a potential risk of causing dental fluorosis and so should not be used by children.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the volunteers who participated in this research.

Funding

This study had financial support from FAPEPI (Piaui Research Foundation)—PPSUS Grant No. EFP_00012129.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella – SG 10, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, 64049-550, Brazil

    Glauber Vale, Nícolas Simões, Guilherme Santana & Brenda Mota

  2. Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil

    Marcoeli Moura

Authors
  1. Glauber Vale
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  2. Nícolas Simões
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  3. Guilherme Santana
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  4. Brenda Mota
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  5. Marcoeli Moura
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Correspondence to Glauber Vale.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Vale, G., Simões, N., Santana, G. et al. Gastrointestinal Absorption and Renal Excretion of Fluoride After Ingestion of a High-Fluoride Dentifrice. Biol Trace Elem Res 190, 24–29 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-018-1511-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-018-1511-y

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